Mental health screening for parents following surgical neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) discharge.

Admission to the surgical neonatal intensive care unit (sNICU) is a stressful experience. Care is often complex, with inherent risks and potential complications. This study describes the implementation of an outpatient mental health screening process for parents of infants admitted to a sNICU.

An agent-based model of the spread of behavioural risk-factors for cardiovascular disease in city-scale populations.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality globally, and is the second main cause of mortality in the UK. Four key modifiable behaviours are known to increase CVD risk, namely: tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and harmful use of alcohol. Behaviours that increase the risk of CVD can spread through social networks because individuals consciously and unconsciously mimic the behaviour of others they relate to and admire.

Developmental care education in Australian surgical neonatal intensive care units: A cross-sectional study of nurses' perceptions.

Background: Nurse perceptions of developmental care practices have been researched globally for almost 30 years. Yet, there is a lack of research exploring this subject in the specialised setting of the surgical neonatal intensive care unit (sNICU). This research explores the effect of developmental care education programs on sNICU nurses' perceptions of developmental care.

Decontamination of Actinide-contaminated Injured Skin with Ca-DTPA Products Using an Ex Vivo Rat Skin Model.

Skin contamination by α-emitting actinides such as plutonium and americium is a risk for workers during nuclear fuel production and reactor decommissioning. Decontamination of skin is an important medical countermeasure to limit potential internal contamination, particularly in the case of injured skin. Current recommendations include undressing of the victim followed by skin washing using soap or chelating agents, such as diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA).

Thermal, water, and land cover factors led to contrasting urban and rural vegetation resilience to extreme hot months.

With continuing global warming and urbanization, it is increasingly important to understand the resilience of urban vegetation to extreme high temperatures, but few studies have examined urban vegetation at large scale or both concurrent and delayed responses. In this study, we performed an urban-rural comparison using the Enhanced Vegetation Index and months that exceed the historical 90th percentile in mean temperature (referred to as "hot months") across 85 major cities in the contiguous United States. We found that hot months initially enhanced vegetation greenness but could cause a decline afterwards, especially for persistent (≥4 months) and intense (≥+2 °C) episodes in summer.

Operator selection for human-automation teaming: The role of manual task skill in predicting automation failure intervention.

Humans working in modern work systems are increasingly required to supervise task automation. We examined whether manual aircraft conflict detection skill predicted participants' ability to respond to conflict detection automation failures in simulated air traffic control. In a conflict discrimination task (to assess manual skill), participants determined whether pairs of aircraft were in conflict or not by judging their relative-arrival time at common intersection points.

Improved overall survival in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer is associated with CD16a+ immunologic neighborhoods containing NK cells, T cells and macrophages.

Background: For patients with high grade serous carcinoma of the ovary (HGSC), survival rates have remained static for the last half century. Despite the presence of tumor mutations and infiltration of immune cells, existing immunotherapies have achieved little success against HGSC. These observations highlight a gap in the understanding of how the immune system functions and interacts within HGSC tumors.

Two zebrafish cacna1s loss-of-function variants provide models of mild and severe CACNA1S-related myopathy.

CACNA1S-related myopathy, due to pathogenic variants in the CACNA1S gene, is a recently described congenital muscle disease. Disease associated variants result in loss of gene expression and/or reduction of Cav1.1 protein stability.

Elevated temperature alters microbial communities, but not decomposition rates, during 3 years of peat decomposition.

Microbial community changes in response to climate change drivers have the potential to alter the trajectory of important ecosystem functions. In this paper, we show that while microbial communities in peatland systems responded to manipulations of temperature and CO concentrations, these changes were not associated with similar responses in peat decomposition rates over 3 years. It is unclear however from our current studies whether this functional resiliency over 3 years will continue over the longer time scales relevant to peatland ecosystem functions.

Remedial effectiveness of a pond biomanipulation: Habitat value and concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls in fish.

The fish and plant communities in a pond contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in East Tennessee, USA, were manipulated to reduce ecological and human-health risk associated with exposure to the chemical contaminants. We evaluated the success of the remedial action using a habitat valuation approach, as well as measuring PCB concentrations in fish. Risk reduction objectives included: alter the fish community to favor fish that do not resuspend, bioaccumulate, or biomagnify PCBs; stabilize contaminated sediments to improve water quality; and stabilize shoreline soils and enhance riparian habitat.

Qualitative Exploration of the Visual Function Impairments and Health-Related Quality of Life Impacts of Amblyopia in Adult and Pediatric Populations.

Introduction: Amblyopia is a reduction in vision in one or both eyes due to impaired development of the visual pathway. This study explored the experience of amblyopia and treatment from the patient, caregiver, and clinician perspectives.

Methods: A targeted literature review, including a review of social media listening (SML) studies, was conducted.

Diversity in reservoir surface morphology and climate limits ability to compare and upscale estimates of greenhouse gas emissions.

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from reservoirs are influenced by many factors, including the reservoir's morphology, watershed, and local climate. Failure to account for diversity in waterbody characteristics contributes to uncertainties in estimates of total waterbody GHG emissions and limits the ability to extrapolate patterns from one set of reservoirs to another. Hydropower reservoirs are of particular interest given recent studies that show variable - and sometimes very high - measurements and estimates of emissions.

Take a Swipe at Actinide Bioavailability: Application of a New In Vitro Method.

Filter swipe tests are used for routine analyses of actinides in nuclear industrial, research, and weapon facilities as well as following accidental release. Actinide physicochemical properties will determine in part bioavailability and internal contamination levels. The aim of this work was to develop and validate a new approach to predict actinide bioavailability recovered by filter swipe tests.

Integrating environmental DNA monitoring to inform eel () status in freshwaters at their easternmost range-A case study in Cyprus.

Despite significant population declines and targeted European Union regulations aimed at conservation, little attention has been given to their status at their easternmost range. This study applies wide-scale integrated monitoring to uncover the present-day eel distribution in Cyprus' inland freshwaters. These are subject to increasing pressures from water supply requirements and dam construction, as seen throughout the Mediterranean.

Return-to-Manual Performance can be Predicted Before Automation Fails.

Objective: This study aimed to examine operator state variables (workload, fatigue, and trust in automation) that may predict return-to-manual (RTM) performance when automation fails in simulated air traffic control.

Background: Prior research has largely focused on triggering adaptive automation based on reactive indicators of performance degradation or operator strain. A more direct and effective approach may be to proactively engage/disengage automation based on predicted operator RTM performance (conflict detection accuracy and response time), which requires analyses of within-person effects.

Use of an Acellular Assay to Study Interactions between Actinides and Biological or Synthetic Ligands.

Speciation of actinides, and more particularly bioligand-binding ability, influences in vivo behavior. Understanding these interactions is essential for estimation of radiological dose and improvement of decorporation strategies for accidentally contaminated victims. Because the handling of actinides imposes overwhelming difficulties, in vitro assays carried out in physiological conditions are lacking and data regarding such interactions are scarce.

Content Validity of Sjögren's Syndrome Symptom Diary and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue in Patients with Sjögren's.

Introduction: Sjögren's Syndrome Symptom Diary (SSSD) and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F) are patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments assessing Sjögren's symptoms. Original SSSD items have demonstrated content validity, however qualitative evidence supporting the updated 'tiredness' item and two new supplementary items is lacking. Although well established and validated in other rheumatic diseases, there is no qualitative evidence supporting content validity of FACIT-F in Sjögren's.

Anthropogenically driven climate and landscape change effects on inland water carbon dynamics: What have we learned and where are we going?

Inland waters serve as important hydrological connections between the terrestrial landscape and oceans but are often overlooked in global carbon (C) budgets and Earth System Models. Terrestrially derived C entering inland waters from the watershed can be transported to oceans but over 83% is either buried in sediments or emitted to the atmosphere before reaching oceans. Anthropogenic pressures such as climate and landscape changes are altering the magnitude of these C fluxes in inland waters.

Smartphone-Guided Self-prone Positioning vs Usual Care in Nonintubated Hospital Ward Patients With COVID-19: A Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Safe, effective, and easily implementable treatments that reduce the progression of respiratory failure in COVID-19 are urgently needed. Despite the increased adoption of prone positioning during the pandemic, the effectiveness of this technique on progression of respiratory failure among nonintubated patients is unclear.

Research Question: What is the effectiveness of smartphone-guided self-prone positioning recommendations and instructions compared with usual care in reducing progression of respiratory failure among nonintubated patients with COVID-19?

Study Design And Methods: Awake Prone Position for Early Hypoxemia in COVID-19 (APPEX-19) is a multicenter randomized clinical trial that randomized nonintubated adults with COVID-19 on < 6 L/min of supplemental oxygen to receive a smartphone-guided self-prone positioning intervention or usual care.

A Simple, Rapid, Comparative Evaluation of Multiple Products for Decontamination of Actinide-contaminated Rat Skin Ex Vivo.

Decontamination of skin is an important medical countermeasure in order to limit potential internal contamination by radionuclides such as actinides. Minimizing skin surface contamination will ultimately prevent internal contamination and subsequent committed effective dose as well as contamination spreading. The decontamination agents tested on a rat skin ex vivo model ranged from water to hydrogel wound dressings.

Pharmacokinetic profile and effect on the faecal microbiome of a single dose of pradofloxacin oral suspension in the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus).

Fluoroquinolones are often administered to pet rabbits given their perceived safety and limited effects on anaerobic gut microbiota. However, the pharmacokinetics and relative safety of pradofloxacin, a third-generation veterinary fluoroquinolone with a much broader spectrum of activity, have not been reported in this species. Here, we determined the pharmacokinetic profile of a single dose of oral pradofloxacin in rabbits and evaluated effects on the faecal microbiome.