Isolation and profiling of viable tumor cells from human ex vivo glioblastoma cultures through single-cell transcriptomics.

Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is becoming a ubiquitous method in profiling the cellular transcriptomes of both malignant and non-malignant cells from the human brain. Here, we present a protocol to isolate viable tumor cells from human ex vivo glioblastoma cultures for single-cell transcriptomic analysis. We describe steps including surgical tissue collection, sectioning, culturing, primary tumor cells inoculation, growth tracking, fluorescence-based cell sorting, and population-enriched scRNA-seq.

Wing morphology of a damselfly exhibits local variation in response to forest fragmentation.

Environmental differences can lead to morphologically different subpopulations. The scale of the mosaic of morphologies should help shed light on the nature of the mechanisms at work. Previous work has shown that jewelwing damselflies have different wing sizes in different types of habitat.

Therapeutic relationships in speech-language pathology: A scoping review of empirical studies.

Purpose: This scoping review provides an overview of empirical studies investigating therapeutic relationships between speech-language pathologists (SLPs), clients, and caregivers across all ages and clinical areas, and identifies areas of future research.

Method: The Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) scoping review method was employed. Systematic searches were conducted across seven databases and four grey literature databases.

Therapeutic relationships in speech-language pathology: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The purpose of this scoping review is to provide an overview of empirical research regarding the therapeutic relationship between speech-language pathologists and their clients of all ages and clinical areas.

Introduction: The influence of a positive relationship between professionals and clients on the process and outcome of interventions is well documented for many health professions. However, research in speech-language pathology predominantly focuses on the outcome of specific treatment methods and techniques.

A 17-Year-Old Boy With High-Functioning Autism, Gastrointestinal Illness, and Seizures.

A healthy 17-year-old boy with a high-functioning pervasive developmental disorder presented to the emergency department after having a 4-minute episode of seizure-like activity in the setting of presumed viral gastroenteritis. Within an hour of emergency department arrival, he developed a forehead-sparing facial droop, right-sided ptosis, and expressive aphasia, prompting stroke team assessment and urgent neuroimaging. Laboratory results later revealed a serum sodium of 119 mmol/L.

ED-based care coordination reduces costs for frequent ED users.

Objectives: We evaluated a pilot quality improvement intervention implemented in an urban academic medical center emergency department (ED) to improve care coordination and reduce ED visits and hospitalizations among frequent ED users.

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Methods: We identified the most frequent ED users in both the 30 days prior to the intervention and the 12 months prior to the intervention.

Spontaneous splenic rupture associated with apixaban: a case report.

Background: Spontaneous splenic rupture associated with anticoagulant use is a rare but potentially lethal disorder. Lack of prompt recognition can be associated with poor patient outcomes. The use of novel oral anticoagulants is becoming more common and thus consideration of this disorder while evaluating a patient who presents with abdominal pain while using these agents is extremely important.

ICU Admission, Discharge, and Triage Guidelines: A Framework to Enhance Clinical Operations, Development of Institutional Policies, and Further Research.

Objectives: To update the Society of Critical Care Medicine's guidelines for ICU admission, discharge, and triage, providing a framework for clinical practice, the development of institutional policies, and further research.

Design: An appointed Task Force followed a standard, systematic, and evidence-based approach in reviewing the literature to develop these guidelines.

Measurements And Main Results: The assessment of the evidence and recommendations was based on the principles of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.

What Should We Expect? A Comparison of the Community Benefit and Projected Government Support of Maryland Hospitals.

Designation as a tax-exempt, not-for-profit entity carries with it specific tax benefits. In exchange for tax exemptions, not-for-profit entities are expected to provide benefits to their communities. To evaluate whether hospitals provide community benefits (CBs) equivalent to the financial subsidies and advantages extended to them, tax liabilities and financial support were projected for all Maryland acute care hospitals between 2010 and 2012 and in the aggregate over the 3 years of this study.

The Relation of Severity and Type of Community Violence Exposure to Emotional Distress and Problem Behaviors Among Urban African American Adolescents.

Severity level and type of exposure to community violence were examined to determine their effect on emotional distress and problem behaviors among 234 low-income urban African American early adolescents. There were 4 violence exposure scales developed from a principal component analysis of the Richters and Martinez (1993) exposure to violence scale: moderate and severe witnessing and moderate and severe victimization. Regression analyses indicated that moderate victimization was the most consistent predictor of emotional distress and behavioral problems, whereas moderate witnessing did not relate to any of the dependent variables.

Relations of Parenting to Adolescent Externalizing and Internalizing Distress Moderated by Perception of Neighborhood Danger.

Parental monitoring and warmth have traditionally been studied in the context of White, middle-class families. This article explores optimal levels of these parenting behaviors in preventing adolescent psychopathology in impoverished, urban high-crime areas while accounting for child perceptions of neighborhood danger. In this study, data were collected longitudinally at 2 time points 1 year apart from a sample of 254 African American young adolescents (T1: M age = 12.

Are central institutional review boards the solution? The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group's report on optimizing the IRB process.

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health convened a working group in June 2011 to examine alternative institutional review board (IRB) models. The working group was held in response to proposed changes in the regulations for government-supported research and the proliferation of multicenter clinical trials where multiple individual reviews may be inefficient. Group members included experts in heart, lung, and blood research, research oversight, bioethics, health economics, regulations, and information technology (IT).

Metoprolol-induced visual hallucinations: a case series.

Introduction: Metoprolol is a widely used beta-adrenergic blocker that is commonly prescribed for a variety of cardiovascular syndromes and conditions. While central nervous system adverse effects have been well-described with most beta-blockers (especially lipophilic agents such as propranolol), visual hallucinations have been only rarely described with metoprolol.

Case Presentations: Case 1 was an 84-year-old Caucasian woman with a history of hypertension and osteoarthritis, who suffered from visual hallucinations which she described as people in her bedroom at night.

Exposure to community violence and daily feeling states among urban African American youth.

This longitudinal study examined the relationships between exposure to community violence and daily feeling states among 175 6th- through 8th-grade African American students. The relationships were tested both cross-sectionally and longitudinally over the 3-year span. Four daily feeling state subscales: contented, hostile, anxious, and dysphoric were developed from a factor analysis of the 30 Experience Sampling Method (ESM) feeling states.

Exposure to community violence and protective and risky contexts among low income urban African American adolescents: a prospective study.

This study examined protective and risky companionship and locations for exposure to community violence among African American young adolescents living in high crime, urban areas. The Experience Sampling Method (ESM), an in vivo data collection method, was employed to gather information from 233 students (62% female) over 3 years, beginning in the 6th grade. Questionnaire variables of exposure to community violence were regressed onto ESM companionship and location variables, cross-sectionally and longitudinally, separately for boys and girls.

Beyond the anti-kickback statute: new entities, new theories in healthcare fraud prosecutions.

The authors analyze existing and developing trends in healthcare fraud litigation. They first review the traditional use of the Medicare-Medicaid Anti-Kickback Statute to prosecute such fraudulent activity. They then consider newer theories that have been employed, or may be employed, in cases involving payors, middlemen, agents, and fiduciaries.

Interventional pain management: when/what therapies are best for low back pain.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this article is to inform an interested audience on novel minimally invasive and percutaneous interventional options for reduction of lower back pain.

Recent Findings: Numerous percutaneous and minimally invasive techniques for treatment of lower back pain were introduced recently. To accumulate sufficient clinical evidence in order to either dismiss or accept the new treatment modalities requires years of delay.

Neurite bridging across micropatterned grooves.

After injury, regenerating axons must navigate complex, three-dimensional (3D) microenvironments. Topographic guidance of neurite outgrowth has been demonstrated in vitro with culture substrates that contain micropatterned features on the nanometer-micron scale. In this study we report the ability of microfabricated biomaterials to support neurite extension across micropatterned grooves with feature sizes on the order of tens of microns, sizes relevant to the design of biomaterials and tissue engineering scaffolds.

Is the orthopedic generalist moving toward extinction?

Medical students are influenced in their career choice by many factors. By government mandate, 50% of medical students from each graduating class should select primary care as their career choice. Peers and mentors contribute additional influences.