Evaluation of indocyanine green antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in radical species elimination: an study.

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) utilizes light-sensitive materials to inactivate pathogens. Indocyanine green (ICG) is an FDA-approved photosensitizer known for its effective photo-thermal and photo-chemical properties.

Predicting incident dementia in community-dwelling older adults using primary and secondary care data from electronic health records.

Predicting risk of future dementia is essential for primary prevention strategies, particularly in the era of novel immunotherapies. However, few studies have developed population-level prediction models using existing routine healthcare data. In this longitudinal retrospective cohort study, we predicted incident dementia using primary and secondary care health records at 5, 10 and 13 years in 144 113 Scottish older adults who were dementia-free prior to 1st April 2009.

Unexpected soundscape response to insecticide application in oak forests.

Rachel Carson's warning of a silent spring directed attention to unwanted side effects of pesticide application. Though her work led to policies restricting insecticide use, various insecticides currently in use affect nontarget organisms and may contribute to population declines. The insecticide tebufenozide is used to control defoliating Lepidoptera in oak forests harboring rich insect faunas.

Understanding hospital rehabilitation using electronic health records in patients with and without COVID-19.

Background: Many hospitalised patients require rehabilitation during recovery from acute illness. We use routine data from Electronic Health Records (EHR) to report the quantity and intensity of rehabilitation required to achieve hospital discharge, comparing patients with and without COVID-19.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of consecutive adults in whom COVID-19 testing was undertaken between March 2020 and August 2021 across three acute hospitals in Scotland.

The electronic frailty index and outcomes in patients with myocardial infarction.

Background: Frailty is increasingly present in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The electronic Frailty Index (eFI) is a validated method of identifying vulnerable older patients in the community from routine primary care data. Our aim was to assess the relationship between the eFI and outcomes in older patients hospitalised with acute myocardial infarction.

Drivers of wood-inhabiting fungal diversity in European and Oriental beech forests.

The hyperdiverse wood-inhabiting fungi play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle, but often are threatened by deadwood removal, particularly in temperate forests dominated by European beech () and Oriental beech (). To study the impact of abiotic drivers, deadwood factors, forest management and biogeographical patterns in forests of both beech species on fungal composition and diversity, we collected 215 deadwood-drilling samples in 18 forests from France to Armenia and identified fungi by meta-barcoding. In our analyses, we distinguished the patterns driven by rare, common, and dominant species using Hill numbers.

Botulinum Toxin Type A in the Treatment of Raynaud's Syndrome: A Case Report.

Raynaud's syndrome is characterized by paroxysmal vasospasm in the digital arterioles, following exposure to cold or stress. Pain, swelling, stiffness, and hypoesthesia are observed as manifestations. The presence of a trophic ulcer is accompanied by a range of severe manifestations.

Assessment of the effectiveness of two different orthodontic retention protocols.

The main goal of orthodontic retention is to keep the teeth in their corrected positions. Fixed or removable retainers are the most common types of retainers used during the retention phase. For the maxilla, various types of retainers have been described, including the vacuum-formed retainers and Hawley retainers.

Multi-millijoule class, high repetition rate, Yb:CALYO regenerative amplifier with sub-130 fs pulses.

We demonstrate a high-energy, 1 kilohertz, Yb-based, femtosecond regenerative amplifier in a chirped pulse amplification (CPA) architecture by using a single disordered Yb:CALYO crystal, providing 125 fs pulses of 2.3 mJ energy per pulse at a central wavelength of 1039 nm. The amplified compressed pulses, with a spectral bandwidth of 13.

Effect of maxillary anterior supernumerary tooth extraction on the underlying malocclusion.

Introduction: Orthodontic discrepancies are a common finding in patients with supernumerary teeth (ST). The presence of a ST can cause a number of orthodontic discrepancies, including delayed eruption or retention of adjacent teeth, crowding, spacing, and abnormal root formation. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of extraction of an anterior supernumerary tooth on the underlying orthodontic discrepancies without additional treatment for a 6-month period.

Habitat openness and predator abundance determine predation risk of warningly colored longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae) in temperate forest.

Organisms have evolved different defense mechanisms, such as crypsis and mimicry, to avoid detection and recognition by predators. A prominent example is Batesian mimicry, where palatable species mimic unpalatable or toxic ones, such as Clytini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) that mimic wasps. However, scientific evidence for the effectiveness of Batesian mimicry in Cerambycids in natural habitats is scarce.

In vitro antiviral activities of fruit extract from and methylxanthines extracted from and tea leaves.

Based on traditional medicine, many countries use various plant products (fruits, leaves and other plant parts) as food supplements or in the form of tea. The use of these plant sources has been established through the years of use and the proven benefits of their ingredients to improve human health.

Deviant morphology of the root canal system in mandibular premolars: clinical cases.

Numerous cases of aberrant root and root canal morphology have been described, still diversion occurs more frequently in premolars and molars. To the dental researcher, the aberrations in the mandibular second premolars afford a vast field of interest. The current report presents a clinical case which demonstrates a simplified therapeutic protocol for re-treatment of Vertucci type V root canals.

Biofilm reactor calibration for investigation of composite biodegradation.

The majority of biodegradation studies of composite materials use simplified models of microbial biofilm despite the apparent diversity of the oral microbiota. The use of in vitro systems of "artificial mouth" design is a step towards clarifying the synergistic effect that microbial plaque and human saliva have on composite degradation.

Influence of methylxanthines isolated from Bancha green tea on the pharmacokinetics of sildenafil in rats.

Background: Sildenafil is used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension and is metabolized in the liver mainly by CYP3A4, thus co-administration with drugs or herbal extracts that affect CYP3A4 activity may lead to drug-drug or drug-herb interactions, respectively. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of single and multiple oral doses of methylxanthine fraction, isolated from Bancha green tea leaves on the pharmacokinetics of sildenafil in rats.

Methods: Rats were given sildenafil alone as well as simultaneously with methylxanthines or ketoconazole.

Prevalence of polypharmacy and risk of potential drug-drug interactions among hospitalized patients with emphasis on the pharmacokinetics.

Background: Both polypharmacy and potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs), especially those at the pharmacokinetic level, are common in hospitalized patients and are associated with adverse effects and failure of therapy.

Objective: The aim of the present study is to investigate retrospectively the prevalence of polypharmacy and the risk of potential pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction among hospitalized patients.

Methods: The medical documentation of hospitalized patients in the unit of internal diseases at the hospital "St Marina" in Varna, Bulgaria for a period of six months (January-July 2016) was retrospectively reviewed.

Aviation safety training methodology.

Safety management systems (SMS) are widely accepted as a way of improving safety and are currently required by the aviation regulations. Safety training and education of all professionals in the aviation safety system is vital for the success of any safety management strategy. At the same time some of the terms in the field are not uniquely and consistently defined, e.

A Comparative In Vitro Study Evaluating the Marginal Adaptation of Zirconium Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacture and Press-ceramic Veneers.

Introduction: One method to evaluate the clinical success of cemented restorations is measuring the marginal adaptation. There is a correlation between the fitting of the restoration and problems caused by clinically undetectable passage of bacteria between the tooth structure and the veneer.

Aim: To evaluate in comparison the marginal adaptation of veneers produced via CAD/CAM and press technique.

Eustachian tube function test as a predictor of middle ear barotrauma.

Background: Most of the cases of middle ear barotrauma in divers are due to the impassability of the Eustachian tube. The aim of our study is to compare the results of tympanometry and Valsalva part of Eustachian Tube Function test (ЕТF-test) with the ability of divers to compensate for the change in ambient pressure in a hyperbaric chamber.

Material And Methods: The study included 35 professional divers undergoing annual medical examination.

Estimating retention benchmarks for salvage logging to protect biodiversity.

Forests are increasingly affected by natural disturbances. Subsequent salvage logging, a widespread management practice conducted predominantly to recover economic capital, produces further disturbance and impacts biodiversity worldwide. Hence, naturally disturbed forests are among the most threatened habitats in the world, with consequences for their associated biodiversity.

Protective Effect of Methylxanthine Fractions Isolated from Tea Leaves against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardio- and Nephrotoxicities in Rats.

is an anthracycline antibiotic that is used for the treatment of various types of cancer. However, its clinical usage is limited due to its potential life-threatening adverse effects, such as cardio- and nephrotoxicities. Nonetheless, simultaneous administration of and antioxidants, such as those found in leaves, could reduce cardiac and renal tissue damage caused by oxidative stress.

A genome-wide association study implicates the BMP7 locus as a risk factor for nonsyndromic metopic craniosynostosis.

Our previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) for sagittal nonsyndromic craniosynostosis (sNCS) provided important insights into the genetics of midline CS. In this study, we performed a GWAS for a second midline NCS, metopic NCS (mNCS), using 215 non-Hispanic white case-parent triads. We identified six variants with genome-wide significance (P ≤ 5 × 10): rs781716 (P = 4.

Rare species, functional groups, and evolutionary lineages drive successional trajectories in disturbed forests.

Following natural disturbances, additional anthropogenic disturbance may alter community recovery by affecting the occurrences of species, functional groups, and evolutionary lineages. However, our understanding of whether rare, common, or dominant species, functional groups, or evolutionary lineages are most strongly affected by an additional disturbance, particularly across multiple taxa, is limited. Here, we used a generalized diversity concept based on Hill numbers to quantify the community differences of vascular plants, bryophytes, lichens, wood-inhabiting fungi, saproxylic beetles, and birds in a storm-disturbed, experimentally salvage logged forest.

The role of the clinical pharmacist in the prevention of potential drug interactions in geriatric heart failure patients.

Background The treatment of heart failure patients is very complex and includes lifestyle modification as well as different pharmacological therapies. Polypharmacy is very common in such patients and they are at increased risk of potential drug-drug interactions and associated effects such as poor adherence, compliance and adverse events. Objective The aim of the present study is to investigate retrospectively the prescribed pharmacotherapy of the hospital discharged heart failure patients for possible drug interactions.