Viscossuplementation for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee: A protocol for an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic disease with worldwide prevalence of 10% to 79%, with costs ranging from $560 to $635 billion for year in United States of America. The main guidelines recommend interventions with undesirable adverse events (AE) or highly dependent on the patient's persistence. Thus, intra-articular (IA) therapies appear to be attractive in patients with KOA, as well as a valid therapy by maximizing effects locally in the joint and limiting systemic AE.

Polymorphisms in inflammasome genes and risk of asthma in Brazilian children.

Considering its role in inflammation and recently described "alternative" roles in epithelial homeostasis and Th1/Th2 balance, we hypothesize that inflammasome genetics could contribute to the development of asthma. Selected functional polymorphisms in inflammasome genes are evaluated in a cohort of asthmatic children and their families. Gain-of-function NLRP1 variants rs11651270, rs12150220 and rs2670660 resulted significantly associated to asthma in trios (TDT) analysis; and rs11651270 and rs2670660 also with asthma severity and total IgE level in asthmatic children.

Neonatal screening for severe combined immunodeficiency in Brazil.

Objective: To apply, in Brazil, the T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) quantification technique using real-time polymerase chain reaction in newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency and assess the feasibility of implementing it on a large scale in Brazil.

Methods: 8715 newborn blood samples were collected on filter paper and, after DNA elution, TRECs were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The cutoff value to determine whether a sample was abnormal was determined by ROC curve analysis, using SSPS.

[Radiofrequency ablation of recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a case report].

A 45-years-old patient with recurrent intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 3 years after resection is described. 2 sessions of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) were performed and complete destruction of the tumor was achieved. The patient was followed-up for 15 months by means of power-Doppler, CT and tumor markers.

[Bolus percutaneous ethanol injections in hepatocellular carcinoma--clinical results].

Aim: To establish the effectiveness of large-volume percutaneous ethanol injection under general anesthesia (Shot-PEI) as a local method for destruction of large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Patients And Methods: 46 patients with 48 HCC were treated with Shot-PEI. 1-4 sessions per lesion were performed with 12-138 ml ethanol per session.

[Radiofrequency ablation of hepatic metastases: clinical results].

Aim: To establish the effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of metastatic hepatic lesions.

Patients And Methods: 104 pts with 231 metastases were treated with RFA. The volume of achieved destruction was assessed using imaging method and cytology.

[Percutaneous puncture treatment of hepatic cystic echinococcosis under ultrasound guidance].

Introducing of the alternative PAIR (puncture-aspiration-injection-reaspiration) method for treatment of hepatic echinococcosis in practice dates from 1992 year. A Working group dealing with the problems and standardization of the method has been created by WHO. The major aspects of this treatment are summarized in the bulletin of WHO of 1996 year.

[The diagnostic approach in hepatic lesions--the role and place of laparoscopy with laparoscopic echography].

The study is designed to cases the potentials of laparoscopy with laparoscopic echography, and the role they play in the diagnostic algorithm, with the purpose to develop an optimal therapeutic approach to hepatic lesions. Laparoscope R. Wolf and 7.

[New trends in the control of enzootic bovine leukemia in Bulgaria].

Experimental and literature data as well as personal observations with herds infected with enzootic bovine leukosis have revealed some new aspects that could be made use of in the control of the disease. The more important ones are stated: newborn calves of cows with positive leukosis response can be given untreated colostrum which has been shown to neutralize the virus; in individual regions and Agro-Industrial Complexes where sporadic cases of leukosis have been recorded isolation premises for positively reacting animals could be designed; cows in the last two months of pregnancy do not always give reliable results with the immunodiffusion test, so such animals should not be investigated at that time with this method.

[Isolation of lymphocyte cultures from leukemic cattle and electron microscopic study of the leukemia virus].

Several methods were employed to obtain lymphocyte cultures from blood samples taken from normal cattle and from cattle affected with enzootic leukosis. Biologic and virologic experiments revealed that the cultures from diseased cattle contained an oncogenic leukosis virus, while those obtained from healthy animals were exempt from such virus. Electron microscopy was applied to study the morphologic aspects of the bovine leukosis virus with a total of 18 lymphocyte cultures.

[Importance of saliva and colostrum in leukemia transmission in cattle].

Studied was the occasional role played by the saliva of leukotic cows in the transmission of the infection to test lambs along with the role of colostrum as a factor neutralizing the leukosis virus in experimentally infected lambs. It was found that bovine leukosis could be transmitted by the saliva of affected animals. Colostrum that contained hightiter specific antibodies was found to be effective in neutralizing the leukosis virus in newborn calves provided no subsidiary infection took place.

[Role of vertical transmission and seminal fluid in the infectious leukemia process].

Studied was the occasional role played by vertical transmission of the leukotic infection via the placenta under experimental conditions and in the field. Studies were also carried out to establish the transmission of the infection through the semen as well, using bull semen and test lambs as most susceptible to the virus of bovine leukosis. It was found that at the experimental infection of sheep with the bovine leukosis virus intraplacental infection of part of the fetuses took place.

[Combined method (suspension-monolayer) of preparing an inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccine].

Semiproductional and productional experiments were carried out to cultivate BHK21C13 cells in 30- and 250-litre fermentors, to produce F.M.D.

[Experiments to obtain and use an allergen for the diagnosis of leukemia in animals].

The tested allergen was obtained from a stable cell line FLK which produces leukosis virus type "C" for diagnostics of animal leukosis (cattle, sheep, pigs). It was found that the allergen is strictly specific and induces hypersensitivity of delayed type which is recorded best on the 24th h of injection. The most suitable site to inject the allergen proved to be the tail fold for cattle and sheep and the dorsal part of the ear--for pigs in dose of 0.

[Laboratory trials of culturing BHK 21 C 13 cells in a roller using an enzymatic egg hydrolysate-based nutrient medium].

Experiments were carried out to find the optimal conditions for the replication of BHK 21 C 13 cells in one 1 roller glassware with the use of a nutrient medium containing products of the enzymatic breakdown of white of egg. Studied was the sensitivity of these cells to the type C strain 'Hungary' of the foot-and-mouth disease virus. Two series of F.

[Specific immunoprophylaxis trials with calves against foot-and-mouth disease].

Studies were conducted on vaccination of different age groups of calves with monovalent and biovalent vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease using various immunization patterns. The studies showed that passive immunity of calves impedes the building up of solid immunity. It is recommended on the basis of comparative studies of different immunization schemes to vaccinate calves under 6 months of age with double vaccine dose and to revaccinate them 1--2 months later.

[Production and use of a nutrient medium with egg hydrolysate for monolayer reproduction of BHK 21/13 cells].

Experiments aiming to reproduce BHK 21/13 cells in Roux retorts by use of a semi-synthetic nutrient medium, based on protein hydrolyzate synthetized by the authors, were carried out. Results obtained show that the lower peptides and free amino acids found in ovarian hydrolizate meet the requirements of the cell line in respect to quality and quantity. The successfull cultivation of BHK 21/13 cells in hydrolyzate medium made possible a considerable reduction in the percentage involvement of serum, which is usually used in the classical nutrient media of the type Eagle BME intended for the propagation of diploid cell strains.

[Study and identification of the respiratory syncytial virus isolated from a leukemic cow].

A virus was isolated from the lymph nodes of a cow. By its cultural, physical, chemical, and biologic properties it proved identical with the standard bovine respiratory syncytial virus. It multiplied well in cell cultures of calf kidney at pH 7--7.

[Adenovirus typing and distribution in swine].

Adenoviruses isolated from pigs (RO-KL; SA3; RO; and R10) and the prototypic strain Compton 25R, belonging to the 1st serologic group, are responsible for the formation of intranuclear bodies of the Cowdry-A type, while the virus Ad5 strain (isolated from humans) cause the formation of another variant of nuclear inclusions of the Cowdry-B type known as Central mass. All virus strains propagate in primary cell cultures of pig kidney and calf and rabbit kidney, calf testis, and in the stable cell line PK-15, showing negligible variations. Resistance and stability experiments have demonstrated that the investigated strains posses physico-chemical and morphologic properties that are characteristic of the adenoviruses.