Lassen's Cerebral Autoregulation Plot Revisited and Validated 65 Years Later: Impacts of Vasoactive Drug Treatment on Cerebral Blood Flow.

Niels Lassen's seminal 1959 cerebral autoregulation plot, a cornerstone in understanding the relationship between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cerebral blood flow (CBF), was based on preexisting literature. However, this work has faced criticism for selective data presentation, leading to inaccurate interpretation. This review revisits and validates Lassen's original plot using contemporary data published since 2000.

Generation of Monoclonal Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Lines Using DISPENCELL-S3.

Single-cell isolation is a key step in the manufacturing of therapeutic proteins, which relies on the development of monoclonal cell lines. It increases production safety and consistency. It also ensures higher manufacturing performances thanks to the selection of the rare clonally derived cell lines with optimal growth and production capacities.

The Global Anesthesia Workforce Survey: Updates and Trends in the Anesthesia Workforce.

Background: There is a large global deficit of anesthesia providers. In 2016, the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists (WFSA) conducted a survey to count the number of anesthesia providers worldwide. Much work has taken place since then to strengthen the anesthesia health workforce.

Comparison of the Efficacy of HSK3486 and Propofol for Induction of General Anesthesia in Adults: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled, Phase 3 Noninferiority Trial.

Background: Propofol is an intravenous anesthetic associated with hypotension, respiratory depression, and injection-site pain. HSK3486 injectable emulsion (ciprofol) is a 2,6-disubstituted phenol derivative with fast onset and quick, stable recovery. Previous studies support HSK3486 as an effective, safe anesthetic with substantially less injection-site pain than propofol.

Strategic partnerships to improve surgical care in the Asia-Pacific region: proceedings.

Emergency and essential surgery is a critical component of universal health coverage. Session three of the three-part virtual meeting series on Strategic Planning to Improve Surgical, Obstetric, Anaesthesia, and Trauma Care in the Asia-Pacific Region focused on strategic partnerships. During this session, a range of partner organisations, including intergovernmental organisations, professional associations, academic and research institutions, non-governmental organisations, and the private sector provided an update on their work in surgical system strengthening in the Asia-Pacific region.

Procedure-Related Complications in Sham Surgeries for Parkinson's Clinical Trials: A Meta-analysis.

Background: Double-blind, sham-controlled neurosurgical trials for neurodegenerative disorders are debated as an ethical dilemma, particularly regarding subjects randomized to the sham surgery group with general anesthesia.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the safety of sham surgeries in Parkinson's disease (PD) clinical trials through complications related to the procedure.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

A Cross-Sectional Survey of Anesthetic Airway Equipment and Airway Management Practices in Uganda.

Background: Anesthesia-related causes contribute to a significant proportion of perioperative deaths, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). There is evidence that complications related to failed airway management are a significant contributor to perioperative morbidity and mortality. While existing data have highlighted the magnitude of airway management complications in LMICs, there are inadequate data to understand their root causes.

Isolated abnormal FEF75% detects unsuspected bronchiolar obstruction in CF children.

Background: Physiologic detection of bronchiolar obstruction in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) may be clinically unsuspected because of normal routine spirometry despite bronchiectasis on lung CT.

Methods: Children from two accredited CF facilities had spirometry obtained every 3 months when clinically stable. Pre-bronchodilator maximum expiratory flow volume curves were retrospectively analyzed over 16 years to detect an isolated abnormal FEF75%, despite normal routine spirometry.

Anesthesia Care for Cataract Surgery in Medicare Beneficiaries.

Importance: Cataract surgery in the US is routinely performed with anesthesia care, whereas anesthesia care for other elective, low-risk, outpatient procedures is applied more selectively.

Objective: To identify predictors of anesthesia care in Medicare beneficiaries undergoing cataract surgery and evaluate anesthesia care for cataract surgery compared with other elective, low-risk, outpatient procedures.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based, retrospective observational cohort study included Medicare beneficiaries 66 years or older who underwent cataract surgery in 2017.

The capture technology matters: Composition of municipal wastewater solids drives complexity of microbial community structure and volatile fatty acid profile during anaerobic fermentation.

The production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) represents a relevant option to valorize municipal wastewater (MWW). In this context, different capture technologies can be used to recover organic carbon from wastewater in form of solids, while pre-treatment of those solids has the potential to increase VFA production during subsequent fermentation. Our study investigates how VFA composition produced by fermentation is influenced (i) by the choice of the capture technology, as well as (ii) by the use of thermal alkaline pre-treatment (TAP).

Effect of Electroencephalography Spectral Edge Frequency (SEF) and Patient State Index (PSI)-Guided Propofol-Remifentanil Anesthesia on Delirium After Laparoscopic Surgery: The eMODIPOD Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The effect of SedLine electroencephalography (EEG)-guided anesthetic care on postoperative delirium (POD) has not been studied.

Methods: This single-center randomized EEG Monitoring tO Decrease the Incidence of Post-Operative Delirium (eMODIPOD) trial involved 1560 patients aged 50 years or above undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Propofol-remifentanil anesthesia was guided either by SedLine (EEG-guided care, n=779) or not (usual care, n=781).

Combined immunotherapy with controlled interleukin-12 gene therapy and immune checkpoint blockade in recurrent glioblastoma: An open-label, multi-institutional phase I trial.

Background: Veledimex (VDX)-regulatable interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene therapy in recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) was reported to show tumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells, encouraging survival, but also up-regulation of immune checkpoint signaling, providing the rationale for a combination trial with immune checkpoint inhibition.

Methods: An open-label, multi-institutional, dose-escalation phase I trial in rGBM subjects (NCT03636477) accrued 21 subjects in 3 dose-escalating cohorts: (1) neoadjuvant then ongoing nivolumab (1mg/kg) and VDX (10 mg) (n = 3); (2) neoadjuvant then ongoing nivolumab (3 mg/kg) and VDX (10 mg) (n = 3); and (3) neoadjuvant then ongoing nivolumab (3 mg/kg) and VDX (20 mg) (n = 15). Nivolumab was administered 7 (±3) days before resection of the rGBM followed by peritumoral injection of IL-12 gene therapy.

Principles of environmentally-sustainable anaesthesia: a global consensus statement from the World Federation of Societies of Anaesthesiologists.

The Earth's mean surface temperature is already approximately 1.1°C higher than pre-industrial levels. Exceeding a mean 1.

Sparsity-Based Recovery of Three-Dimensional Photoacoustic Images from Compressed Single-Shot Optical Detection.

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging combines optical excitation with ultrasonic detection to achieve high-resolution imaging of biological samples. A high-energy pulsed laser is often used for imaging at multi-centimeter depths in tissue. These lasers typically have a low pulse repetition rate, so to acquire images in real-time, only one pulse of the laser can be used per image.

Global surgery, obstetric, and anaesthesia indicator definitions and reporting: An Utstein consensus report.

Background: Indicators to evaluate progress towards timely access to safe surgical, anaesthesia, and obstetric (SAO) care were proposed in 2015 by the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery. These aimed to capture access to surgery, surgical workforce, surgical volume, perioperative mortality rate, and catastrophic and impoverishing financial consequences of surgery. Despite being rapidly taken up by practitioners, data points from which to derive the indicators were not defined, limiting comparability across time or settings.

Postoperative Screening With the Modified National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale After Noncardiac Surgery: A Pilot Study.

Background: Perioperative stroke is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, yet there is no validated screening tool. The modified National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (mNIHSS) is validated for use in nonsurgical strokes but is not well-studied in surgical patients. We evaluated perioperative changes in the mNIHSS score in noncardiac, non-neurological surgery patients, feasibility in the perioperative setting, and the relationship between baseline cognitive screening and change in mNIHSS score.

Normal Routine Spirometry Can Mask COPD/Emphysema in Symptomatic Smokers.

Background: Recent studies have emphasized the difficulty of early detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in symptomatic smokers with normal routine spirometry. This includes post-bronchodilator normal forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV)(L)≥80% predicted, forced vital capacity (FVC)(L)≥80% predicted, and FEV/FVC ≥70% or greater than age corrected lower limit of normal (LLN). However, in COPD the pathologic site of small airway obstruction and emphysema begins in the small peripheral airways ≤2 mm id which normally contribute <20% of total airway resistance.