Correction: Hale et al. Differential Expression Profiling Reveals Stress-Induced Cell Fate Divergence in Soybean Microspores. 2020, , 1510.

In the original publication [...

Androgenesis-Based Doubled Haploidy: Past, Present, and Future Perspectives.

Androgenesis, which entails cell fate redirection within the microgametophyte, is employed widely for genetic gain in plant breeding programs. Moreover, androgenesis-responsive species provide tractable systems for studying cell cycle regulation, meiotic recombination, and apozygotic embryogenesis within plant cells. Past research on androgenesis has focused on protocol development with emphasis on temperature pretreatments of donor plants or floral buds, and tissue culture optimization because androgenesis has different nutritional requirements than somatic embryogenesis.

Differential Expression Profiling Reveals Stress-Induced Cell Fate Divergence in Soybean Microspores.

Stress-induced microspore embryogenesis is a widely employed method to achieve homozygosity in plant breeding programs. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern gametophyte de- and redifferentiation are understood poorly. In this study, RNA-Seq was used to evaluate global changes across the microspore transcriptome of soybean ( [L.

Biorhizome: A Biosynthetic Platform for Colchicine Biomanufacturing.

Colchicine is one of the oldest plant-based medicines used to treat gout and one of the most important alkaloid-based antimitotic drugs with anticancer potential, which is commercially extracted from . Clinical trials suggest that colchicine medication could prevent atrial fibrillation recurrence after cardiac surgery. In addition, therapeutic colchicine is undergoing clinical trials to treat non-diabetic metabolic syndrome and diabetic nephropathy.

Dramatic secretion of recombinant protein expressed in tobacco cells with a designer glycopeptide tag is highly impacted by medium composition.

Cell growth medium composition has profound impacts on the O -glycosylation of a "designer" arabinogalactan protein-based module; full glycosylation is essential in directing efficient extracellular secretion of the tagged recombinant protein. Expression of recombinant proteins in plant cells as fusion with a de novo designed hydroxyproline (Hyp)-O-glycosylated peptide (HypGP) tag, termed HypGP engineering technology, resulted in dramatically increased secreted protein yields. This is due to the function of the HypGP tag as a molecular carrier in promoting efficient transport of conjoined proteins into culture media.

Ontogenetic changes in vitamin C in selected rice varieties.

Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is a key antioxidant for both plants and animals. In plants, ascorbate is involved in several key physiological processes including photosynthesis, cell expansion and division, growth, flowering, and senescence. In addition, ascorbate is an enzyme cofactor and a regulator of gene expression.

Growing Lemna minor in agricultural wastewater and converting the duckweed biomass to ethanol.

Duckweed (Lemna minor) was grown in swine lagoon wastewater and Schenk & Hildebrandt medium with a growth rate of 3.5 and 14.1 g m(-2)day(-1) (dry basis), respectively detected.

Experimental evolution of a facultative thermophile from a mesophilic ancestor.

Experimental evolution via continuous culture is a powerful approach to the alteration of complex phenotypes, such as optimal/maximal growth temperatures. The benefit of this approach is that phenotypic selection is tied to growth rate, allowing the production of optimized strains. Herein, we demonstrate the use of a recently described long-term culture apparatus called the Evolugator for the generation of a thermophilic descendant from a mesophilic ancestor (Escherichia coli MG1655).

Bioethanol production from dedicated energy crops and residues in Arkansas, USA.

Globally, one of the major technologic goals is to achieve cost-effective lignocellulosic ethanol production from biomass feedstocks. Lignocellulosic biomass of four dedicated energy crops [giant reed (Arundo donax L.), elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum (Schumach), Miscanthus × giganteus (Illinois clone), and (clone Q42641) {hybrid of Miscanthus sinensis Anderss.

Adherence to guidelines for cardiovascular screening in current high school preparticipation evaluation forms.

We compared the content of the cardiac screening questions on US state high school athletic association preparticipation evaluation forms with current consensus recommendations. We reviewed the high school athletic association's approved, recommended, or required sports preparticipation form from each of the 50 US states and the District of Columbia, and compared the content of the personal and family history components with current recommendations for cardiac screening questions. We found that 85% of the preparticipation forms in current use contain all elements of the formerly recommended guidelines, but only 17% contain all elements of the new consensus guidelines.

Glutamine: the nonessential amino acid for performance enhancement.

Glutamine is a popular dietary supplement consumed for purported ergogenic benefits of increased strength, quicker recovery, decreased frequency of respiratory infections, and prevention of overtraining. From a biochemical standpoint, glutamine does play a physiologic role in each of these areas, but it remains only one of a host of factors involved. This review examines the effects of glutamine on exercise and demonstrates a lack of evidence for definitive positive ergogenic benefits as a result of glutamine supplementation.

Erythropoietin in sports: a new look at an old problem.

Erythropoietin (EPO) is found naturally in the human body and has been commercially available as recombinant human EPO (rEPO) for almost 20 years. Although the positive benefits of rEPO cannot be denied for those who suffer from anemia, athletes have also used the drug as an ergogenic aid. It has replaced conventional "blood doping" as the drug of choice to improve performance in contests requiring aerobic potential.

Medicolegal issues and ergogenic aids: trade, tragedy, and public safety, the example of ephedra and the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act.

On February 6, 2004, the US Food and Drug Administration banned dietary supplements containing ephedrine alkaloids (ephedra) pending Congressional review. The ban culminates a 7-year regulatory process, the first of its kind under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA). This paper reviews that process, and the governing rules of DSHEA, within the contexts of modern science and the history of food and drug legislation.

Effects of the presentation of false heart-rate feedback on the performance of two common heartbeat-detection tasks.

Research has indicated that performance on heartbeat counting tasks may be influenced by beliefs about heart rate. Sixty male subjects were administered the Schandry heartbeat counting task after viewing fast, slow, or no heart rate feedback. Subjects were also administered the Whitehead signal-detection type task.

Distribution of coronary arterial capacitance in a canine model.

The capacitative properties of the major left coronary arteries, left main (LM), left anterior descending (LAD), and left circumflex (LCX), were studied in 19 open-chest isolated dog hearts. Capacitance was determined by using ramp perfusion and a left ventricular-to-coronary shunt diastolic decay method; both methods gave similar results, indicating a minimal systolic capacitative component. Increased pericardial pressure (PCP), 25 mmHg, was used to experimentally alter transmural wall pressure.

Putrescine Aminopropyltransferase Is Responsible for Biosynthesis of Spermidine, Spermine, and Multiple Uncommon Polyamines in Osmotic Stress-Tolerant Alfalfa.

The biosynthesis of polyamines from the diamine putrescine is not fully understood in higher plants. A putrescine aminopropyltransferase (PAPT) enzyme activity was characterized in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).

Normative data for the personal report of confidence as a speaker.

Normative data for the Personal Report of Confidence as a Speaker (PRCS; Paul, 1966), a measure of public-speaking anxiety, were collected by administering the PRCS to 1109 college students. PRCS scores were examined in relation to gender, race, age, and grade-point average. No significant between-group differences were found.

Governance challenges for managed care organizations. Interview by Ann C. Bartling.

When Healthcare Executive asked managed care organization CEOs and board chairs to identify governance challenges, they found the question so easy that it was difficult to limit their responses. while all the healthcare leaders interviewed pointed to the need to--and challenge of--staying ahead of the changes affecting the healthcare field, many identified challenges that were more specific to their organizations, markets, or patient population. Some also pointed out that while their challenges may be shared by hospitals and other provider organizations, there were aspects of each that were particularly relevant to managed care organizations, which often offer a variety of products in a number of different of markets.

Direct action of endotoxin on cardiac muscle.

While the cardiovascular effects of endotoxin include myocardial depression, presumably due to circulating myocardial depressant substances, endotoxin itself is supposed to have no direct effect on the heart. In these experiments, we compared the direct effects of endotoxin on the contractile response of feline papillary muscle to calcium with that seen after administration to the intact animal. The contractile state of the muscle was assessed from developed tension as extracellular calcium concentrations were varied from .

Regeneration of shoots from cell suspension-derived protoplasts ofAllium cepa.

Callus from pre-selected regenerating lines ofAllium cepa andA. fistulosum were used to initiate cell suspensions. Small clusters of callus selected for greater friability were placed into BDS liquid medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), and were subcultured biweekly.

Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from zygotic embryo explants in mexican weeping bamboo, Otatea acuminata aztecorum.

An efficient protocol has been developed for the in vitro propagation of Mexican Weeping Bamboo through somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryo explants. Mature seeds and excised embryos were cultured in the light or in the dark on both Murashige and Skoog's and Gamborg's B5 basal media with various supplements. Optimal somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration were obtained by culture in the dark on Murashige and Skoog's basal medium supplemented with 3 mg/1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 0.

Evidence for the occurrence of polyamine oxidase in the dicotyledonous plant Medicago sativa L. (alfalfa).

Polyamine oxidase (EC 1.5.3.