Craving changes in first 14 days of addiction treatment: an outcome predictor of 5 years substance use status?

Addiction is considered a chronic disorder that requires long-term treatment. Early identification of predictors of outcome may enable better and early adjustment of treatment. Daily fluctuations of craving have been shown to predict substance use within hours, making it a major target for treatment.

A Survey of Preoperative, Perioperative, and Postoperative Management Practices for Testicular Torsion in Pediatric Patients among European Surgeons.

Introduction:  Management of testicular torsion varies between specialties resulting in lack of standardization. The aim of this survey was to assess pre-, peri-, and postoperative differences.

Methods:  An online questionnaire was distributed in 2023 to general and pediatric surgeons, pediatric urologists, and urologists by the Trainees of European Pediatric Surgery.

Surgical management of liver tumors.

Two percent of pediatric malignancies arise primarily in the liver; roughly 60% of these cancers are hepatoblastoma (HB). Despite the rarity of these cases, international collaborative efforts have led to the consistent histological classification and staging systems, which facilitate ongoing clinical trials. Other primary liver malignancies seen in children include hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with or without underlying liver disease, fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC), undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (UESL), and hepatocellular neoplasm not otherwise specified (HCN-NOS).

Continuous-Time Model Identification of the Subglottal System.

Mathematical models that accurately simulate the physiological systems of the human body serve as cornerstone instruments for advancing medical science and facilitating innovative clinical interventions. One application is the modeling of the subglottal tract and neck skin properties for its use in the ambulatory assessment of vocal function, by enabling non-invasive monitoring of glottal airflow via a neck surface accelerometer. For the technique to be effective, the development of an accurate building block model for the subglottal tract is required.

Parenchyma Sparing Anatomic Liver Resections (Bi- and Uni-Segmentectomies) for Liver Tumours in Children-A Single-Centre Experience.

Unlabelled: a single-centre experience in bi- and uni-segmentectomies for primary liver tumours in children.

Methods: This study included 23 patients that underwent (bi)segmentectomy. There were 15 malignant tumours (hepatoblastoma-13 patients), 7 benign tumours, and 1 calcifying nested stromal epithelial tumour.

European Paediatric Surgeons' Association Survey on the Adherence to EAU/ESPU Guidelines in the Management of Undescended Testes.

Introduction:  The aim of this study was to assess the adherence to the European Association of Urology (EAU)/European Society for Pediatric Urology (ESPU) 2016 guidelines in the management of undescended testes (UDT).

Materials And Methods:  An online questionnaire was sent in 2023 to members of the European Paediatric Surgeons' Association (EUPSA).

Results:  Among 157 members, 46 and 44% perform orchidopexy before 12 and 18 months, respectively.

The Craving-Manager smartphone app designed to diagnose substance use/addictive disorders, and manage craving and individual predictors of relapse: a study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: The rate of individuals with addiction who are currently treated are low, and this can be explained by barriers such as stigma, desire to cope alone, and difficulty to access treatment. These barriers could be overcome by mobile technologies. EMI (Ecological Momentary Intervention) is a treatment procedure characterized by the delivery of interventions (messages on smartphones) to people in their daily lives.

Effect of 11 Weeks of Physical Exercise on Physical Fitness and Executive Functions in Children.

Object: The aim of our study was to evaluate and compare the effects of physical exercise interventions on physical fitness and executive functions in children.

Methods: Six-year-old children participated in the study and were randomly divided into physical exercise group (PE group, = 43) and control group (C group, = 46). The children in the PE group participated in a physical exercise program for 45 min daily, four days a week for 11 weeks.

Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates from respiratory specimens in Lyon University Hospitals, France: prevalence and mechanisms involved.

Resistance of Aspergillus fumigatus to triazoles has been reported increasingly in Europe. As few data are available from Southern France, the objectives of this study were to assess the burden of A. fumigatus isolates with azole resistance from clinical specimens in Lyon, and explore the resistance mechanisms involved.

A Pulmonary Strain Induces Th17 and RORγt Regulatory T Cells and Reduces Lung Inflammation in Tuberculosis.

The lungs harbor multiple resident microbial communities, otherwise known as the microbiota. There is an emerging interest in deciphering whether the pulmonary microbiota modulate local immunity, and whether this knowledge could shed light on mechanisms operating in the response to respiratory pathogens. In this study, we investigate the capacity of a pulmonary strain to modulate the lung T cell compartment and assess its prophylactic potential upon infection with , the etiological agent of tuberculosis.

Pediatric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors and Neuroendocrine Tumors: Advances in Surgical Management.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors and neuroendocrine tumors in adult and pediatric populations differ immensely. Despite these established differences, the extreme rarity of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and neuroendocrine tumors in the pediatric population has resulted in the lack of consensus management guidelines, making optimal surgical approaches unclear. Comprehensive management principles to guide surgical approaches in adult literature are extensive.

Management of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Blockade in Kidney Transplant Recipients.

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are the cornerstone treatment in chronic kidney disease patients. Despite facilitating a reduction in blood pressure and albuminuria, there are insufficient data in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). They are often administered for hypertension and polycythemia treatment.

Improvement of Blood Pressure Control in Renal Transplant Recipients-Retrospective Longitudinal Study.

Background: Hypertension is a very common complication in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). It has been identified as a potent cardiovascular risk factor associated with impaired patient and graft survival.

Methods: A longitudinal retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate adherence to recommended blood pressure (BP) targets and to estimate the tendency in the management of hypertension from 2001 to 2015.

Treatment of Hypertension in Renal Transplant Recipients in Four Independent Cross-Sectional Analyses.

Background/aims: This retrospective study analysed hypertension management and adherence to blood pressure (BP) targets among renal transplant recipients (RTRs) under specialized care in the Outpatient Transplantation Unit in the Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine at Gdansk University Hospital.

Methods: Medical records of 101, 316, 639 and 818 RTRs diagnosed with hypertension, who received outpatient care in 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2014, respectively were analysed in four independent cross-sectional surveys. All RTRs received antihypertensive regimens.

Hepatoblastoma: current understanding, recent advances, and controversies.

: Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common primary malignant liver neoplasm in children. Its increasing survival rate is related to the progress in modern imaging, surgical techniques, and new chemotherapy regimens. : One of the past achievements was the development of the pretreatment extension of disease (PRETEXT) system.

Spinal Cord Stimulation in Failed Back Surgery Syndrome: Review of Clinical Use, Quality of Life and Cost-Effectiveness.

Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is complex and recurrent chronic pain after spinal surgery. Several important patient and surgery related risk factors play roles in development of FBSS. Inadequate selection of the candidates for the spinal surgeries is one of the most crucial causes.

A Model-Based Pharmacokinetics Characterization Method of Engineered Nanoparticles for Pilot Studies.

Recent developments on engineered multifunctional nanomaterials have opened new perspectives in oncology. But assessment of both quality and safety in nanomedicine requires new methods for their biological characterization. This paper proposes a new model-based approach for the pre-characterization of multifunctional nanomaterials pharmacokinetics in small scale in vivo studies.

Vaginal self-sampling is an adequate means of screening HR-HPV types in women not participating in regular cervical cancer screening.

In France, about 40% of women aged 25-65 years do not participate in regular screening and thus are at high risk (HR) of cervical cancer. Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaginal self-sampling is a valuable alternative in this population. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of HR and LR (low-risk) HPV infection in 3767 women aged >35 years from mid-socioeconomic backgrounds who carried out HPV vaginal self-sampling at home.

[Persistent central diabetes insipidus in a very low birth weight infant].

Central diabetes insipidus (DI) is extremely rare during the neonatal period. Most cases of central DI are secondary to a known aetiology. Substitutive treatment with desmopressin is effective with nasal or oral preparation, but doses are variable and must be tailored individually.

Models of child-family interactions for children with developmental delays: child-driven or transactional?

Child-driven and transactional models of child-family interactions were tested with 80 children who had developmental delays and their families. Children's cognitive competence, personal-social competence, behavior and communication "hassle," and family accommodations to the children were assessed at child ages 3, 7, and 11. Accommodations were summarized as internal (within the family) and external (use of outside resources) intensity and types.