Mechanism of Ligusticum wallichii-Borneol in the Treatment of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke in Rats Based On Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Verification.

The pharmacodynamics, molecular biology, network pharmacology, and molecular docking mechanisms of the Ligusticum wallichii and borneol medication pair (CXBP) were investigated for ischemic stroke treatment. Effective chemical components and targets of CXBP were identified using TCMSP, ETCM, and SymMap databases, whereas ischemic stroke targets were sourced from OMIM, GeneCards, TTD, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP databases. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were generated using the STRING database, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were conducted using Metascape.

A prospective cohort study of cochlear implantation as a treatment for tinnitus in post-lingually deafened individuals.

Background: Cochlear implants have helped over one million individuals restore functional hearing globally, but their clinical utility in suppressing tinnitus has not been firmly established.

Methods: In a decade-long study, we examined longitudinal effects of cochlear implants on tinnitus in 323 post-lingually deafened individuals including 211 with pre-existing tinnitus and 112 without tinnitus. The primary endpoints were tinnitus loudness and tinnitus handicap inventory.

Relationship Between Physical Literacy and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Physical literacy (PL) can positively affect the health of children, adolescents, and adults, and is closely related to cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF).

Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the relationship between overall physical literacy (PL) and CRF in children and adolescents.

Methods: Cross-sectional, cohort and experimental studies on the relationship between PL and CRF in children and adolescents were collected by searching the Web of Science Core Collection, PubMed, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases.

Releasing a sugar brake generates sweeter tomato without yield penalty.

In tomato, sugar content is highly correlated with consumer preferences, with most consumers preferring sweeter fruit. However, the sugar content of commercial varieties is generally low, as it is inversely correlated with fruit size, and growers prioritize yield over flavour quality. Here we identified two genes, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) calcium-dependent protein kinase 27 (SlCDPK27; also known as SlCPK27) and its paralogue SlCDPK26, that control fruit sugar content.

Melatonin Maintains Postharvest Quality in Fresh Tuber by Regulating Antioxidant Ability and Phenylpropanoid and Energy Metabolism During Storage.

Melatonin treatment has been reported to effectively preserve and improve the postharvest quality of fruits and vegetables during storage. This research focused on examining the significance of melatonin on maintaining the quality of fresh tubers throughout the storage period. The findings demonstrated that melatonin application effectively reduced the deterioration rate and inhibited the rise in respiratory rate, malondialdehyde content, and weight loss, while slowing down the decline in soluble solid content.

Spatial proteomics of single cells and organelles on tissue slides using filter-aided expansion proteomics.

Hydrogel-based tissue expansion combined with mass spectrometry (MS) offers an emerging spatial proteomics approach. Here, we present a filter-aided expansion proteomics (FAXP) strategy for spatial proteomics analysis of archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens. Compared to our previous ProteomEx method, FAXP employed a customized tip device to enhance both the stability and throughput of sample preparation, thus guaranteeing the reproducibility and robustness of the workflow.

Ziresovir in Hospitalized Infants with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe illness in infants, with no effective treatment. Results of a phase 2 trial suggested that ziresovir may have efficacy in the treatment of infants hospitalized with RSV infection.

Methods: In a phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted in China, we enrolled participants 1 to 24 months of age who were hospitalized with RSV infection.

Preventing Site-Specific Calpain Proteolysis of Junctophilin-2 Protects Against Stress-Induced Excitation-Contraction Uncoupling and Heart Failure Development.

Background: Excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling processes become disrupted in heart failure (HF), resulting in abnormal Ca homeostasis, maladaptive structural and transcriptional remodeling, and cardiac dysfunction. Junctophilin-2 (JP2) is an essential component of the E-C coupling apparatus but becomes site-specifically cleaved by calpain, leading to disruption of E-C coupling, plasmalemmal transverse tubule degeneration, abnormal Ca homeostasis, and HF. However, it is not clear whether preventing site-specific calpain cleavage of JP2 is sufficient to protect the heart against stress-induced pathological cardiac remodeling in vivo.

The Epidemiologic and Clinical Features of Radiographic-Confirmed Community-Acquired Pneumonia Among Chinese Children: A Retrospective Hospital-Based Study.

Background: To help understand the disease burden of vaccine-preventable bacterial disease, we delineated the epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of radiographic-confirmed community-acquired pneumonia (CXR-CAP) among Chinese children.

Methods: We retrospectively screened the electronic database of the hospital information system to identify all pediatric CAP cases admitted to the Children's Hospital of Soochow University between 2010 and 2014. Radiographic findings and clinical data were extracted from the medical charts through individual chart reviews.

The Milk of Cows Immunized with Trivalent Inactivated Vaccines Provides Broad-Spectrum Passive Protection against Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Neonatal Mice.

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious viral infection predominantly affecting infants and young children, caused by multiple enteroviruses, including Enterovirus 71 (EV71), Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16), Coxsackievirus A10 (CA10), and Coxsackievirus A6 (CA6). The high pathogenicity of HFMD has garnered significant attention. Currently, there is no specific treatment or broad-spectrum preventive measure available for HFMD, and existing monovalent vaccines have limited impact on the overall incidence or prevalence of the disease.

IRE1α Mediates the Hypertrophic Growth of Cardiomyocytes Through Facilitating the Formation of Initiation Complex to Promote the Translation of TOP-Motif Transcripts.

Background: Cardiomyocyte growth is coupled with active protein synthesis, which is one of the basic biological processes in living cells. However, it is unclear whether the unfolded protein response transducers and effectors directly take part in the control of protein synthesis. The connection between critical functions of the unfolded protein response in cellular physiology and requirements of multiple processes for cell growth prompted us to investigate the role of the unfolded protein response in cell growth and underlying molecular mechanisms.

Comparing Outcomes of Thrombectomy Versus Intravenous Thrombolysis Based on Middle Cerebral Artery M2 Occlusion Features.

Background: Current evidence provides limited support for the superiority of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with M2 segment middle cerebral artery occlusion. We aim to investigate whether imaging features of M2 segment occlusion impact the effectiveness of EVT.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from January 2017 to January 2022, drawing data from the CASE II registry (Computer-Based Online Database of Acute Stroke Patients for Stroke Management Quality Evaluation), which specifically documented patients with acute ischemic stroke presenting with M2 segment occlusion undergoing reperfusion therapy.

A potent Henipavirus cross-neutralizing antibody reveals a dynamic fusion-triggering pattern of the G-tetramer.

The Hendra and Nipah viruses (HNVs) are highly pathogenic pathogens without approved interventions for human use. In addition, the interaction pattern between the attachment (G) and fusion (F) glycoproteins required for virus entry remains unclear. Here, we isolate a panel of Macaca-derived G-specific antibodies that cross-neutralize HNVs via multiple mechanisms.

Structural basis for dimerization of a paramyxovirus polymerase complex.

The transcription and replication processes of non-segmented, negative-strand RNA viruses (nsNSVs) are catalyzed by a multi-functional polymerase complex composed of the large protein (L) and a cofactor protein, such as phosphoprotein (P). Previous studies have shown that the nsNSV polymerase can adopt a dimeric form, however, the structure of the dimer and its function are poorly understood. Here we determine a 2.

Low field controllable continuous spin switching in the thulium-ytterbium single crystal.

We report the spin reorientation transition (SRT) and the low field controllable continuous spin switching (SSW) of the TmYbFeO (TYFO) single crystal in this study. The SRT, characterized by the transition from (, , )-(, , ), occurs within the temperature range of 20-27 K. Under an external magnetic field of 50 Oe, the SSW occurs along the -axis at approximately 98 K due to the reversal of Tm magnetic moment induced by the magnetic coupling change between Tm and Fe, transitioning from a parallel to an antiparallel alignment.

Morphologic and Functional Assessment of Photoreceptors in Laser-Induced Retinopathy Using Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy and Microperimetry.

Purpose: To assess the cone photoreceptors' morphology and associated retinal sensitivity in laser-induced retinopathy (LIR) using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO-SLO) and microperimetry (MP).

Design: Cohort study.

Methods: This study included 13 patients (15 eyes) with LIR and 38 age-matched healthy volunteers (38 eyes).

Intravenous administration of IL-12 encoding self-replicating RNA-lipid nanoparticle complex leads to safe and effective antitumor responses.

Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a potent immunostimulatory cytokine mainly produced by antigen-presenting cells (e.g., dendritic cells, macrophages) and plays an important role in innate and adaptive immunity against cancers.

Fast and flexible profiling of chromatin accessibility and total RNA expression in single nuclei using Microwell-seq3.

Single cell chromatin accessibility profiling and transcriptome sequencing are the most widely used technologies for single-cell genomics. Here, we present Microwell-seq3, a high-throughput and facile platform for high-sensitivity single-nucleus chromatin accessibility or full-length transcriptome profiling. The method combines a preindexing strategy and a penetrable chip-in-a-tube for single nucleus loading and DNA amplification and therefore does not require specialized equipment.

Theoretical studies on the local structure and spin Hamiltonian parameters for Cu ions in LiTaO crystal.

The local structure and spin Hamiltonian parameters (SHPs) g factors (g , g , g ) and the hyperfine structure constants (A , A , A ) for Cu doped in the LiTaO crystal are theoretically investigated by the perturbation formulas for a 3d ion under rhombically elongated octahedral based on the cluster approach. The impurity Cu was assumed to occupy the host trigonally-distorted octahedral Li site and experience the Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion from the host trigonal octahedral [TaO ] to the impurity rhombically elongated octahedral [CuO ] . Based on the calculations, the impurity-ligand bond lengths parallel and perpendicular to the C -axis are found to be R (≈ 2.

Endothelial YAP Mediates Hyperglycemia-Induced Platelet Hyperactivity and Arterial Thrombosis.

Background: Hyperglycemia-a symptom that characterizes diabetes-is highly associated with atherothrombotic complications. However, the underlying mechanism by which hyperglycemia fuels platelet activation and arterial thrombus formation is still not fully understood.

Methods: The profiles of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolites in the plasma of patients with diabetes and healthy controls were determined with targeted metabolomics.

Outcomes Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Aortic Stenosis in Patients With Type 0 Bicuspid, Type 1 Bicuspid, and Tricuspid Aortic Valves.

Background: Data concerning the outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement in type 0 bicuspid aortic stenosis (AS) are scarce. The study aims to compare the outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement for AS in patients with type 0 bicuspid, type 1 bicuspid, and tricuspid aortic valve anatomy.

Methods: We enrolled consecutive patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement for severe AS between 2012 and 2022 in this single-center retrospective cohort study.

Single-Molecule Spatial Transcriptomics of Human Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms Uncovers Calcification-Related -Expressing Smooth Muscle Cells.

Background: Although single-cell RNA-sequencing is commonly applied to dissect the heterogeneity in human tissues, it involves the preparation of single-cell suspensions via cell dissociation, causing loss of spatial information. In this study, we employed high-resolution single-cell transcriptome imaging to reveal rare smooth muscle cell (SMC) types in human thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) tissue samples.

Methods: Single-molecule spatial distribution of transcripts from 140 genes was analyzed in fresh-frozen human TAA samples with region and sex-matched controls.

Effect of Influenza Vaccination on Rate of Influenza Virus Infection in Chinese Military Personnel, 2015-2016: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

Influenza is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The protective effect of a trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) is undetermined in military personnel. We conducted an open-label, cluster randomized trial on active-duty servicemen of Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang, who were randomly assigned to receive either a single dose of TIV or no treatment, according to cluster randomized sampling.

Melatonin Treatment Maintains the Quality of Fresh-Cut under Low-Temperature Conditions by Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism and Phenylpropanoid Pathway.

The application of melatonin (MT) has been shown to improve the quality during the storage of fruits and vegetables. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effects of MT on the quality of fresh-cut during low-temperature (4 °C) storage. The results indicated that MT treatment not only suppressed the respiratory rate and malondialdehyde content but also slowed down the decline in total acidity and total soluble solids, effectively inhibiting microbial growth and enhancing the product safety of fresh-cut .