Emerging NO gas sensing on substitutionally doped Fe on NiWO SCES insulators.

In this study, we demonstrate the emergence of NO gas sensing capabilities in the typically non-active NiWO, a strongly correlated electron system (SCES), by introducing substitutional Fe at the Ni site. NiWO typically exhibits strong Coulombic repulsion between Ni atoms, resulting in a large band gap of over 3.0 eV and insulating behavior.

An All-Solid-State Ti/RuO pH Electrode Prepared Based on the Thermal Oxidation Method.

The development of all-solid-state precise pH electrodes holds significant importance in various fields, particularly in marine scientific research. To achieve this goal, we proposed a novel fabrication technique for an all-solid-state ruthenium oxide (Ti/RuO) pH electrode. We thin-coated the RuCl precursor solution on a titanium wire substrate using a heat gun repeatedly and then calcined it in a mixture of LiCO and NaO at 400 °C to obtain a ruthenium oxide (RuO) film.

Use of Diagnostic Codes for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Polygenic Risk Score Construction in Electronic Health Record-Linked Biobanks.

Purpose: Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) likely predict risk and prognosis of glaucoma. We compared the PRS performance for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), defined using International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes vs manual medical record review.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

The biosynthesis of asiaticoside and madecassoside reveals tandem duplication-directed evolution of glycoside glycosyltransferases in the Apiales.

Certain plant species within the Apiales order accumulate triterpenoid saponins that feature a distinctive glucose-glucose-rhamnose (G-G-R) sugar chain attached at the C-28 position of the pentacyclic triterpene skeleton. Until recently, the genomic basis underlying the biosynthesis and evolution of this sugar chain has remained elusive. In this study, we identified two novel glycoside glycosyltransferases (GGTs) that can sequentially install the sugar chain's second D-glucose and third L-rhamnose during the biosynthesis of asiaticoside and madecassoside, two representative G-G-R sugar chain-containing triterpenoid saponins produced by Centella asiatica.

Association of Acute Respiratory Disease Events with Quantitative Interstitial Abnormality Progression at CT in Individuals with a History of Smoking.

Background Acute respiratory disease (ARD) events are often thought to be airway-disease related, but some may be related to quantitative interstitial abnormalities (QIAs), which are subtle parenchymal abnormalities on CT scans associated with morbidity and mortality in individuals with a smoking history. Purpose To determine whether QIA progression at CT is associated with ARD and severe ARD events in individuals with a history of smoking. Materials and Methods This secondary analysis of a prospective study included individuals with a 10 pack-years or greater smoking history recruited from multiple centers between November 2007 and July 2017.

Discovery of CRN04894: A Novel Potent Selective MC2R Antagonist.

A novel class of nonpeptide melanocortin type 2 receptor (MC2R) antagonists was discovered through modification of known nonpeptide MC4R ligands. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies led to the discovery of (CRN04894), a highly potent and subtype-selective first-in-class MC2R antagonist, which demonstrated remarkable efficacy in a rat model of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-stimulated corticosterone secretion. Oral administration of suppressed ACTH-stimulated corticosterone secretion in a dose-dependent manner at doses ≥3 mg/kg.

[Clinical characteristics and efficacy of vocal fold epidermoid cysts coexisting with sulcus vocalis].

To investigate the clinical characteristics and voice outcomes after laryngeal microsurgery for vocal fold epidermoid cysts coexisting with sulcus vocalis. The clinical data of 115 vocal fold epidermoid cysts coexisting with sulcus vocalis patients in Shandong provincial ENT hospital, were retrospectively analyzed, including 49 males and 66 females, aged 17-70 years old, and the duration of hoarseness ranged from 6 months to 30 years. All patients underwent surgery through suspension laryngoscope and microscope under general anestgesia.

Anti-TIGIT antibody improves PD-L1 blockade through myeloid and T cells.

Tiragolumab, an anti-TIGIT antibody with an active IgG1κ Fc, demonstrated improved outcomes in the phase 2 CITYSCAPE trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03563716 ) when combined with atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) versus atezolizumab alone. However, there remains little consensus on the mechanism(s) of response with this combination.

Hearing preservation after stereotactic radiosurgery for sporadic intracanalicular vestibular schwannomas classified as Koos grade 1.

Introduction: The mechanism of hearing loss following stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for vestibular schwannomas (VSs) remains unclear. There is conflicting evidence regarding cochlear nerve damage by transient volume expansion of VSs after radiosurgery and radiation-induced cochlear damage. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a specific patient population that can achieve definite hearing preservation after SRS for VSs.

A potent MAPK13-14 inhibitor prevents airway inflammation and mucus production.

Common respiratory diseases continue to represent a major public health problem, and much of the morbidity and mortality is due to airway inflammation and mucus production. Previous studies indicated a role for mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14) in this type of disease, but clinical trials are unsuccessful to date. Our previous work identified a related but distinct kinase known as MAPK13 that is activated in respiratory airway diseases and is required for mucus production in human cell-culture models.

Cleaning Tasks and Products and Asthma Among Health Care Professionals.

Objective: Health care workers are at risk for work-related asthma, which may be affected by changes in cleaning practices. We examined associations of cleaning tasks and products with work-related asthma in health care workers in 2016, comparing them with prior results from 2003.

Methods: We estimated asthma prevalence by professional group and explored associations of self-reported asthma with job-exposure matrix-based cleaning tasks/products in a representative Texas sample of 9914 physicians, nurses, respiratory/occupational therapists, and nurse aides.

Pharmacokinetic and Exposure Response Analysis of the Double-Blind Randomized Study of Posaconazole and Voriconazole for Treatment of Invasive Aspergillosis.

Background And Objective: A double-blind phase 3 study was conducted to compare posaconazole 300 mg intravenously (IV)/300 mg orally once daily (twice daily day 1) with voriconazole 4 mg/kg IV twice daily/200 mg orally twice daily (6 mg/kg day 1) for treatment of invasive aspergillosis. This analysis was conducted to summarize the pharmacokinetics and exposure-response relationships of posaconazole and voriconazole using plasma trough concentration (C) as a surrogate for exposure from the double-blind phase 3 study.

Methods: The pharmacokinetic evaluable population included all intention-to-treat (ITT) participants with at least one plasma concentration during the treatment period.

Enhancing the Performance of Pathological Voice Quality Assessment System Through the Attention-Mechanism Based Neural Network.

Objective: Doctors, nowadays, primarily use auditory-perceptual evaluation, such as the grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, and strain scale, to evaluate voice quality and determine the treatment. However, the results predicted by individual physicians often differ, because of subjective perceptions, and diagnosis time interval, if the patient's symptoms are hard to judge. Therefore, an accurate computerized pathological voice quality assessment system will improve the quality of assessment.

Oxygen-Saturation Targets for Critically Ill Adults Receiving Mechanical Ventilation.

Background: Invasive mechanical ventilation in critically ill adults involves adjusting the fraction of inspired oxygen to maintain arterial oxygen saturation. The oxygen-saturation target that will optimize clinical outcomes in this patient population remains unknown.

Methods: In a pragmatic, cluster-randomized, cluster-crossover trial conducted in the emergency department and medical intensive care unit at an academic center, we assigned adults who were receiving mechanical ventilation to a lower target for oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry (Spo) (90%; goal range, 88 to 92%), an intermediate target (94%; goal range, 92 to 96%), or a higher target (98%; goal range, 96 to 100%).

Deep mutational learning predicts ACE2 binding and antibody escape to combinatorial mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain.

The continual evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and the emergence of variants that show resistance to vaccines and neutralizing antibodies threaten to prolong the COVID-19 pandemic. Selection and emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants are driven in part by mutations within the viral spike protein and in particular the ACE2 receptor-binding domain (RBD), a primary target site for neutralizing antibodies. Here, we develop deep mutational learning (DML), a machine-learning-guided protein engineering technology, which is used to investigate a massive sequence space of combinatorial mutations, representing billions of RBD variants, by accurately predicting their impact on ACE2 binding and antibody escape.

The Role of PD Biomarkers in Biosimilar Development - To Get the Right Answer One Must First Ask the Right Question.

The potential for pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarkers to improve the efficiency of biosimilar product development and regulatory approval formed the premise for the virtual workshop Pharmacodynamic Biomarkers for Biosimilar Development and Approval hosted by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Duke Margolis, September 2021. Although the possibility of PD biomarkers replacing the to-date routine comparative phase III confirmatory study currently expected by the FDA was discussed, the motivation and feasibility for biosimilar sponsors developing such markers and the regulatory risks entailed largely were not. Even more fundamental is the already established greater comparative value of the pharmacokinetic (PK) study as the most sensitive clinical assay for detecting subtle differences between two products.

[Spatial distribution pattern and intraspecific association of dominant species var. in Qinling Mountains, China].

To explore the spatial distribution and intraspecific correlation of var. , a domi-nant tree species in a 25 hm plot of warm temperate deciduous broadleaved forest in Qinling Mountains, the pair-correlation function () was used to study the spatial pattern and intraspecific association. The results showed that the diameter class structure of .

CuO/TiCTnanocomposites for detection of triethylamine gas at room temperature.

Triethylamine gas is one of the harmful volatile organic compounds for human health and the ecological environment. Therefore, in order to prevent the detrimental effects of triethylamine gas, it has greatly requirement to be accurately detected. Unfortunately, CuO has a low triethylamine gas response and slow recovery.

Numerical simulations of the nonsymmetric growth and remodeling of arteries under axial twisting.

Blood vessels are often subjected to axial twisting during body movement or surgery. Sustained twisting may lead to blood vessel growth and remodeling, however, it remains unclear how the extracellular matrix in the blood vessels remodel under sustained axial twisting. This study aimed to develop a computational model to simulate stress-induced growth and remodeling (G&R) of thin-walled blood vessels under axial twisting.

Targeting CD123 in blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm using allogeneic anti-CD123 CAR T cells.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematologic malignancy with poor outcomes with conventional therapy. Nearly 100% of BPDCNs overexpress interleukin 3 receptor subunit alpha (CD123). Given that CD123 is differentially expressed on the surface of BPDCN cells, it has emerged as an attractive therapeutic target.

US, Mammography, and Histopathologic Evaluation to Identify Low Nuclear Grade Ductal Carcinoma in Situ.

Background Low nuclear grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) identified at biopsy can be upgraded to intermediate to high nuclear grade DCIS at surgery. Methods that confirm low nuclear grade are needed to consider nonsurgical approaches for these patients. Purpose To develop a preoperative model to identify low nuclear grade DCIS and to evaluate factors associated with low nuclear grade DCIS at biopsy that was not upgraded to intermediate to high nuclear grade DCIS at surgery.