Promoting caproate production using anaerobically digested sludge-derived biochar: Performances, mechanisms, and environmental impacts.

Carbon chain elongation offers a promising pathway for converting waste resources into caproate. However, challenges in yield and selectivity have limited its broader application. To address these limitations, anaerobically digested sludge-derived biochar (ADS-B) was incorporated into the carbon chain elongation process.

Highly sensitive detection of mercury ions in aqueous solutions by laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy.

Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy was used to detect mercury ions in aqueous solutions, in which CH-95 resin was used to chelate the ions to transform the liquid samples into solid ones. The experimental results showed that the fluorescence emission of the chelated solid-state samples excited by a low-power semiconductor laser at the wavelength of 447 nm was significantly enhanced due to the chelating reaction. The fluorescence intensity was proportional to the concentration of mercury ions with a linear correlation coefficient of = 0.

Analysis of artery injury types and clinical characteristics of patients with transcatheter angioembolization after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.

Background: There is no systematic classification of renal vascular injuries conducted for severe post-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) bleeding.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore the various types of artery injury and clinical characteristics of patients who underwent transcatheter angioembolization (TAE) after PCNL.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 52 patients who underwent renal arteriography (RA) because of severe bleeding after PCNL between April 2009 and December 2023.

Recombinant XBB.1.5 boosters induce robust neutralization against KP.2- and KP.3-included JN.1 sublineages.

The newly emerged variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) demonstrate resistance to present therapeutic antibodies as well as the capability to evade vaccination-elicited antibodies. JN.1 sublineages were demonstrated as one of the most immune-evasive variants, showing higher neutralization resistance compared to XBB.

Multicenter validation of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis diagnostic criteria.

Background: Five fulfilled hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)-2004 criteria, and the HScore are widely used and recommended by international expert consensus to diagnose secondary HLH. Both diagnostic scores have never been validated in heterogeneous patient cohorts of secondary HLH patients. We aimed to systematically optimize and validate diagnostic criteria of secondary HLH using a multicenter approach.

Comparison of conventional coagulation tests and ROTEM in identifying trauma-induced coagulopathy for massive haemorrhage protocol activation.

Objectives: Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) can be fatal but preventable if recognised early. With emerging uses of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) to guide transfusions in trauma, patient outcomes with TIC-defined by initial ROTEM and conventional coagulation tests (CCTs) during massive haemorrhage protocol (MHP) activations were evaluated at a primary trauma centre in British Columbia.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included adult trauma patients requiring MHP from June 1, 2020, to May 31, 2022.

Preparation and performance characterization of antimicrobial films based on chitosan-nisin-nanocrystalline cellulose and its preservation effect applied to baby cabbage.

Environmental concerns stemming from the widespread use of polyethylene packaging and the perishability of fresh products have promoted the development of antimicrobial biodegradable packaging films in preservation of vegetables. In this study, antimicrobial films based on chitosan (CS)-nisin (Ni)-nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) were characterized, and its preservation effect applied to baby cabbage was investigated. The results suggest that 1 % CS-0.

Insight into selective removal of trace thallium (Tl(Ι)) by novel chitosan adsorbents encapsulating low-cost silicate mineral wastes.

Recently, thallium (Tl) contamination at trace levels has gained worldwide attention, particularly in the remote ore-smelting regions of China. To effectively eliminate the residual target Tl(I) ions, one of the best strategies is to develop novel adsorbents with high selectivity. In this study, we selected silicate mineral waste (SMW) and chitosan (CTS) to synthesize a low-cost composite adsorbent for the removal of trace Tl(I).

The Effect of Weed Control with Pre-Emergence Herbicides on the Yield Level of Mung Bean Yield.

The mung bean ( (Linn) Wilczek.) is a major grain crop in China, but its yield is significantly impacted by weeds. However, no pre-emergence herbicides are registered for mung bean fields in the China Pesticide Information Network.

Long-Distance Passive Sensing Tag Design Based on Multi-Source Energy Harvesting and Reflection Amplification.

Wireless sensor networks often rely on battery power, which incurs high costs, considerable volume, and a limited lifespan. Additionally, the communication range of existing passive sensor tags remains short, which challenges their suitability for evolving Internet of Things (IoT) applications. This paper, therefore, presents a long-distance passive RFID sensing tag that integrates multi-source energy harvesting and reflection amplification.

Elevated D-dimer on admission may predict poor prognosis in childhood influenza associated encephalopathy.

To determine the risk factors for poor prognosis of influenza-associated encephalopathy (IAE), 56 eligible children with IAE who were treated in the pediatric intensive care unit of Wuhan Children's Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected for retrospective analysis and grouped according to poor prognosis or not, and independent risk factors for poor prognosis were found by regression analysis. Results showed 26 children (26/30, 46.4%) had a poor prognosis.

Arsenic mobility and microbial community composition in the sediments of coastal wetlands driven by tidal action.

Arsenic (As) pollution in coastal wetlands has been receiving growing attention. However, the exact mechanism of As mobility driven by tidal action is still not completely understood. The results reveal that lower total As concentrations in solution were observed in the flood-ebb treatment (FE), with the highest concentration being 7.

[Mining, characterization, and expression of a fructan sucrase for efficient conversion of soybean oligosaccharides].

The high content of sucrose and raffinose reduces the prebiotic value of soybean oligosaccharides. Fructan sucrases can catalyze the conversion of sucrose and raffinose to high-value products such as fructooligosaccharides and melibiose. To obtain a fructan sucrase that can efficiently convert soybean oligosaccharides, we first mined the fructan sucrase gene from microorganisms in the coastal areas of Xisha Islands and Bohai Bay and then characterized the enzymatic and catalytic properties of the enzyme.

Salidroside production through cascade biocatalysis with a thermostability-enhanced UDP-glycosyltransferase.

Salidroside is a phenylpropanoid glycoside with wide applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries; however, the plant genus Rhodiola, the natural source of salidroside, has slow growth and limited distribution. In this study, we designed a novel six-enzyme biocatalytic cascade for the efficient production of salidroside, utilizing cost-effective bio-based L-Tyrosine as the starting material. A preliminary analysis revealed that the poor thermostability of the Bacillus licheniformis UDP-glycosyltransferase (EC 2.

Effect of konjac glucomannan aerogel-immobilized Chlorella vulgaris LH-1 on oil-contaminated seawater remediation and endogenous bacterial community diversity.

Ocean oil spills can severely impact ecosystems and disrupt marine biodiversity and habitats. Microbial remediation is an effective method for removing thin oil slick contamination. In this study, the adsorption and degradation of low-concentration oil spills by Chlorella vulgaris LH-1 immobilized in konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogel were investigated.

Self-Assembled Peptide Hydrogels PPI45 and PPI47: Novel Drug Candidates for Infection Treatment.

, a prevalent zoonotic pathogen, poses a significant threat to skin wound infections. This study evaluates the bactericidal efficacy of self-assembled peptide hydrogels, PPI45 and PPI47, derived from the defensin-derived peptide PPI42, against ATCC43300. The high-level preparation of PPI45 and PPI47 was achieved with yields of 1.

Comparison of fluoride level between mother's milk and infant formula milk - a global systematic review and dental fluorosis risk assessment.

Dental Fluorosis (DF) is one of the negative outcomes of excessive fluoride (F) intake through food sources. This systematic review aimed to compare F content in two important food sources for infants, Mother's Milk (MoM) and Infant Formula (IF), and then evaluate the risk of DF related to F in those two types of food. For this purpose, 181 studies were initially found by searching the relevant keywords in widely recognized databases, including Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, and PubMed.

Photoacoustic Imaging with Attention-Guided Deep Learning for Predicting Axillary Lymph Node Status in Breast Cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: Preoperative assessment of axillary lymph node (ALN) status is essential for breast cancer management. This study explores the use of photoacoustic (PA) imaging combined with attention-guided deep learning (DL) for precise prediction of ALN status.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included patients with histologically confirmed early-stage breast cancer from 2022 to 2024, randomly divided (8:2) into training and test cohorts.

Clarification of the biosynthetic gene cluster involved in the antifungal prodrug echinocandin B and its robust production in engineered Aspergillus pachycristatus.

Echinocandin antifungals exhibit high efficacy against drug-resistant strains due to their unique mechanism of action. The production of their semi-synthetic precursors relies solely on microbial metabolism, leading to elevated production costs. Anidulafungin, an excellent echinocandin drug, is derived from echinocandin B (ECB), which is industrially produced by Aspergillus pachycristatus.

Hepatotoxic effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of polystyrene microplastics on senescent Zebrafish (Danio rerio): Patterns of stress response and metabolomic alterations.

The hepatotoxicity of microplastics (MPs) has garnered increasing attention, but their effects on elderly organisms remain inadequately characterized, particularly concerning hepatic stress response patterns in environmental conditions. In this study, a 10-day exposure period of elderly zebrafish to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs, 1 µm) was conducted, with exposure concentrations set at 5.6 × 10 µg/L, 5.

[Short-term efficacy of rituximab in children with calcineurin inhibitor resistant steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome].

To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of rituximab (RTX) in children with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) resistant steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). A retrospective case analysis was conducted. Thirteen children with CNI resistant SRNS who were regularly treated with RTX (375 mg/m per dose (maximum dose 500 mg), 1 dose per week, a total of 4 doses) in Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University from January 2016 to December 2023 were enrolled.

Production, structure, and performance of guar gum based bacterial cellulose generated from soy sauce residue hydrolysate by in-situ fermentation.

Guar gum based bacterial cellulose (GG-BC) was generated from the soy sauce residue hydrolysate by in-situ fermentation, and its structure and performance were learned systematically. The GG concentration of 0.2 % was most suitable for GG-BC production with the yield of 1.

Disruption of midgut homeostasis by microplastics in Spodoptera frugiperda: Insights into inflammatory and oxidative mechanisms.

Microplastics have evolved as widespread contaminants in terrestrial and aquatic environments, raising significant environmental concerns due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. In this study, we investigated the toxicity of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) on the agricultural insect, Spodoptera frugiperda. Maize leaves containing three sizes (0.

[Incidence and risk factors of anemia among newly reported HIV/AIDS patients in Jiangsu Province in 2021].

Objective: To investigate the incidence of anemia and evaluate the immune status among newly reported HIV/AIDS patients in Jiangsu Province in 2021, and to identify the risk factors of anemia among patients living with HIV infections.

Methods: Newly reported HIV/AIDS patients in Jiangsu Province from January 1 to December 31, 2021 that were registered in China's National AIDS Comprehensive Control Information Management System were enrolled. Subjects' fresh whole blood samples were collected, and hemoglobin levels, CD4 and CD8 cell counts and HIV viral loads were measured.