Societal output and use of research performed by health research groups.

The last decade has seen the evaluation of health research pay more and more attention to societal use and benefits of research in addition to scientific quality, both in qualitative and quantitative ways. This paper elaborates primarily on a quantitative approach to assess societal output and use of research performed by health research groups (societal quality of research). For this reason, one of the Dutch university medical centres (i.

[A comparative study of the expenditures on health research in 7 western countries in 1997 places the Netherlands at the bottom of the list].

Objective: To compare the expenditures on health research in the Netherlands with those in other Western countries.

Design: Descriptive.

Method: The expenditures on health research in 1997 were determined for the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Germany, Norway, Denmark, Sweden and the USA and subsequently classified into: governmental funding for research in medical faculties or clusters; grants from MHRCs and other bodies; and private funding from industry and charities.

Kinetics of cytochrome b reduction in submitochondrial particles.

(1) In agreement with Eisenbach and Gutman (Eisenbach, M. and Gutman, M. (1975) Eur.