Peritoneal dialysis in children: consider the membrane for optimal prescription.

The peritoneal dialysis prescription was, for a long time, based on clinical experience and very empirical, especially for patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Better comprehension of the peritoneal membrane as a dynamic dialysis surface allows an individualized prescription, especially for children on automated peritoneal dialysis (APD). Fill volume prescription should be scaled for body surface area (mL/m(2)) and not in a too low amount to avoid a hyperpermeable exchange.

[Radicular syndrome and synovial cyst of the zygapophyseal joints: two case-reports].

Introduction: Multiradicular nerve root compression, and long lasting radicular syndrome occur very often. They happen particularly on degenerative spine. Huge synovial cyst of the zygapophyseal joints may account for it, expand in the epidural area and cause radicular syndrome.

Treatment of knee joint instability secondary to rupture of the posterior cruciate ligament. Report of a new procedure.

For the past five years we have attempted to correct knee instability due to rupture of the posterior cruciate ligament with a procedure that employs a free graft of one-third of the patellar tendon with its tibial and patellar attachments. This procedure was done for chronic instability in thirty-three patients and was combined with primary repair of an acute mid-substance tear of the posterior cruciate ligament in fifteen patients. Moderate to severe articular injury of the medial femoral condyle was found at operation in 48 per cent of the patients with chronic injury.

Recurrent dislocation of the peroneal tendon.

Recurrent dislocation of the peroneal tendons is an important, although infrequent, cause of disability of the ankle. We used a simple procedure that corrects the basic deformity of a shallow peroneal groove, without the use of metallic fixation or transfer of a tendon or ligament. The groove for the tendons is deepened by removal of some inner fibular substance, while the smooth tenosynovial channel is maintained as an intact periosteal flap on the fibula.