Protein codes promote selective subcellular compartmentalization.

Cells have evolved mechanisms to distribute ~10 billion protein molecules to subcellular compartments where diverse proteins involved in shared functions must efficiently assemble. Here, we demonstrate that proteins with shared functions share amino acid sequence codes that guide them to compartment destinations. A protein language model, ProtGPS, was developed that predicts with high performance the compartment localization of human proteins excluded from the training set.

Effect of smoking cessation on lipoprotein A-I and lipoprotein A-I:A-II levels.

Cigarette smoking is associated with low plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I levels, which may explain, in part, its deleterious effects on coronary heart disease (CHD). In a group of ex-smokers, we assessed the influence of smoking cessation on apo A-I particle levels. Plasma lipid, apolipoprotein, and lipoparticle concentrations of 58 subjects who had completely stopped smoking (ex-smokers) were compared with those of 37 subjects who had continued smoking (smokers) before and after a smoking cessation counseling program.

Cigarette smoking is associated with differences in nutritional habits and related to lipoprotein alterations independently of food and alcohol intake.

Objective: To assess the effects of smoking on serum lipoprotein levels taking into account current nutritional intakes.

Design: Case-control study comparing smokers and non-smokers.

Setting: Ambulatory subjects of the Urban Community of Lille examined at home or at the Health Care Center.

Parental history of early myocardial infarction is associated with decreased levels of lipoparticle AI in adolescents.

A family history of coronary heart disease (CHD) is a known risk factor for CHD. To investigate the possible role of lipoprotein particles in the relationship between family history of CHD and risk of CHD, we performed a case-control study in a sample of adolescents. The case group consisted of 97 adolescents whose parents had suffered a verified myocardial infarction before the age of 55 years.

Plasma concentrations of apolipoprotein A-I containing particles in normolipidaemic young men.

Low levels of plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and apolipoprotein (apo)-A-I are associated with premature coronary heart disease. However, particles in the density range of HDL are heterogeneous. Two main types of apo A-I-containing particles can be identified, one species containing both apo A-I and apo A-II (Lp A-I:A-II) and the other apo A-I but no apo-A-II (Lp A-I).