A randomized controlled trial analyzing nonthermal atmospheric plasma for the treatment of verruca vulgaris in pediatric patients.

Background: Verruca vulgaris (VV) is a common viral disease in children. Treatment options are often not well tolerated in children due to pain or adverse effect risk. Nonthermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP), which generates reactive oxygen/nitrogen species, is well tolerated and without adverse effects.

Pulsatile electrical stimulation creates predictable, correctable disruptions in neural firing.

Electrical stimulation is a key tool in neuroscience, both in brain mapping studies and in many therapeutic applications such as cochlear, vestibular, and retinal neural implants. Due to safety considerations, stimulation is restricted to short biphasic pulses. Despite decades of research and development, neural implants lead to varying restoration of function in patients.

Peripheral direct current reduces naturally evoked nociceptive activity at the spinal cord in rodent models of pain.

Electrical neuromodulation is an established non-pharmacological treatment for chronic pain. However, existing devices using pulsatile stimulation typically inhibit pain pathways indirectly and are not suitable for all types of chronic pain. Direct current (DC) stimulation is a recently developed technology which affects small-diameter fibres more strongly than pulsatile stimulation.

Galvanic vs. pulsatile effects on decision-making networks: reshaping the neural activation landscape.

. Primarily due to safety concerns, biphasic pulsatile stimulation (PS) is the present standard for electrical excitation of neural tissue with a diverse set of applications. While pulses have been shown to be effective to achieve functional outcomes, they have well-known deficits.

Glucose Fuel Cells: Electricity from Blood Sugar.

Harvesting energy from the human body is an area of growing interest. While several techniques have been explored, the focus in the field is converging on using Glucose Fuel Cells (GFCs) that use glucose oxidation reactions at an anode and oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) at a cathode to create a voltage gradient that can be stored as power. To facilitate these reactions, catalysts are immobilized at an anode and cathode that result in electrochemistry that typically produces two electrons, a water molecule, and gluconic acid.