Usefulness of the total and differential somatic cell count based udder health group concept for evaluating herd management practices and udder health in dairy herds.

Subclinical mastitis and associated economic losses are a steady challenge in the dairy industry. The combination of the well-established somatic cell count (SCC) parameter and the new differential SCC (DSCC) opens up the possibility to categorise cows into four different udder health groups (UHG) based on results from a single milk recording/dairy herd improvement (DHI) test: UHG A: healthy/normal, ≤ 200,000 cells/mL and DSCC ≤ 65 %; B: suspicious, ≤ 200,000 cells/mL and DSCC > 65 %; C: (subclinical) mastitis, > 200,000 cells/mL and DSCC > 65 %; D: chronic/persistent mastitis, > 200,000 cells/mL and DSCC ≤ 65 %. The objectives of this study were to investigate 1) herd management practises among herds in different UHG categories and 2) herd performance parameters depending on the proportion of cows in UHG A.

Relativistic redshift of the star S0-2 orbiting the Galactic Center supermassive black hole.

The general theory of relativity predicts that a star passing close to a supermassive black hole should exhibit a relativistic redshift. In this study, we used observations of the Galactic Center star S0-2 to test this prediction. We combined existing spectroscopic and astrometric measurements from 1995-2017, which cover S0-2's 16-year orbit, with measurements from March to September 2018, which cover three events during S0-2's closest approach to the black hole.

Simultaneous X-Ray and Infrared Observations of Sagittarius A*'s Variability.

Emission from Saggitarius A* is highly variable at both X-ray and infrared (IR) wavelengths. Observations over the last ~20 yr have revealed X-ray flares that rise above a quiescent thermal background about once per day, while faint X-ray flares from Sgr A* are undetectable below the constant thermal emission. In contrast, the IR emission of Sgr A* is observed to be continuously variable.

Variability Timescale and Spectral Index of Sgr A* in the Near Infrared: Approximate Bayesian Computation Analysis of the Variability of the Closest Supermassive Black Hole.

Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) is the variable radio, near-infrared (NIR), and X-ray source associated with accretion onto the Galactic center black hole. We present an analysis of the most comprehensive NIR variability data set of Sgr A* to date: eight 24 hr epochs of continuous monitoring of Sgr A* at 4.5 m with the IRAC instrument on the , 93 epochs of 2.