Overcoming the limitations of post-dilution on-line hemodiafiltration: mixed dilution hemodiafiltration.

The impact of hemodiafiltration (HDF) on survival is still a topic of under investigation. Most recently, the results of two large prospective trials (the CONTRAST Study and the Turkish HDF Study) did not find any difference in survival between on-line HDF versus low- and high-flux hemodialysis (HD) in the overall dialysis population. However, secondary subgroup analyses of both studies showed a significant reduction in death risk among patients on HDF with high volume exchange, confirming the preliminary observation of the European DOPPS Study.

[Monte Carlo calculations and TLD measurements to determine the two-dimensional dosage distribution of 125-iodine seed, Model 6702].

The angular and radial dose distribution around a type 6702 125-Iodine-seed was measured in water and air using thermoluminescence dosimetry. The radial distribution could be confirmed using Monte Carlo simulation techniques. The simulation produced enough data to allow the derivation of a new analytical function describing the radial dose distribution.