Proposal of Ureaplasma parvum sp. nov. and emended description of Ureaplasma urealyticum (Shepard et al. 1974) Robertson et al. 2001.

The phenotypic and genotypic properties of Ureaplasma urealyticum (family Mycoplasmataceae, order Mycoplasmatales, class Mollicutes) are reviewed here. The 14 recognized serovar standard strains found in humans exhibit no serological cross-reactivity with ureaplasmas from other hosts and uniquely express human immuoglobulin A1 protease activity. However, they exhibit many characteristics which place them in two distinct clusters known as the parvo biovar (or biovar 1 or B) and the T960T biovar (or biovar 2 or A).

A physical and genetic map of the Mycoplasma flocculare ATCC 27716 chromosome reveals large genomic inversions when compared with that of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain J(T).

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and DNA hybridization data were used to construct a chromosomal map of Mycoplasma flocculare ATCC 27716, a non-pathogenic inhabitant of porcine respiratory tracts. Twenty-one genetic markers were placed on the map. Comparison of the genetic map with that of the closely related Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain J(T), the type strain of the causative agent of enzootic pneumonia in pigs, identified three chromosomal inversions that differentiate these genomes.

A physical and genetic map of the Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain J genome.

A macrorestriction map of the genome of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain J, the type strain of the causative agent of enzootic pneumonia in pigs, was constructed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and DNA hybridization. The size of the genome as determined by PFGE was approximately 1070 kb. Assembly of the M.

Gene amplification (PCR) to detect and differentiate mycoplasmas in porcine mycoplasmal pneumonia.

The causative agent of porcine mycoplasmal pneumonia, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is difficult and time-consuming to isolate. Serological identification using antibodies induced by the disease is confused by cross-reaction with a closely related organism, Myc. flocculare.

Ureaplasma gallorale, an isolate from chickens, is most closely related to the human isolate, U. urealyticum.

Ureaplasma gallorale is a urease-containing mycoplasma (a member of the Mollicutes) which is pathogenic for chickens, from which it was originally isolated. We amplified the 16S rRNA gene of this bacterium and then cloned and sequenced the amplicon. A phylogenetic analysis based on an alignment of the 16S rRNA sequences of U.