Rapid method for paraffin embedding of precision-cut liver slices.

Precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) are tissue explants extensively used as an ex vivo model for metabolism and toxicity studies. When in vitro assays are conducted, it is imperative to perform a histomorphological evaluation as part of the viability analyses throughout the assay time. It is considered that good quality PCLS histological sections are difficult to obtain because they are hard to manipulate, and may shrink or fold during processing.

Exploring precision-cut liver slices for comparative xenobiotic metabolism profiling in swine and cattle.

In vitro systems are useful tools for unravelling species differences in xenobiotic metabolism.The current work aimed to validate the technique of precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) for comparative studies on xenobiotic metabolism in swine and cattle.PCLS from swine (n = 3) and cattle (n = 3) were produced using a Brendel-Vitron Tissue Slicer and cultured for 6 h.

Unravelling drug-drug interactions in pigs: Induction of hepatic cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) metabolism after the in-feed medication with the anthelmintic fenbendazole.

The anthelmintic fenbendazole (FBZ) undergoes hepatic S‑oxygenation by monooxygenases belonging to the cytochrome P450 (CYP) and flavin-monooxygenase (FMO) families. The in-feed medication with FBZ induced CYP1A-dependent metabolism in pig liver. This fact may alter the metabolism of the anthelmintic itself, and of CYP1A substrates like aflatoxin B1 (AFB1).

Effects of acaricides on the activities of monooxygenases in bovine liver microsomes.

Organophosphates (OPs), pyrethrins and fipronil, are acaricides commonly used in cattle, mainly as pour on formulations. Scant information is available on their potential interactions with hepatic xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. This work aimed to evaluate in vitro the potential inhibitory effects of widely employed acaricides on catalytic activities mediated by hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) and flavin-monooxygenase (FMO) enzymes in cattle.

Phytochemicals in Gastrointestinal Nematode Control: Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of the Ivermectin plus Carvone Combination.

A wide variety of plant-derived phytochemicals with anthelmintic effects have been described. Most of them have shown activity against parasites in vitro but have not been extensively explored in vivo. The aim of the current work was to study the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship of the combined administration of carvone (R-CNE) and ivermectin (IVM) to lambs.