Lower Diversity of Amylase-Trypsin Inhibitors and -Released Opioid-Containing Peptides in Ancestral Compared to Modern Wheat Varieties Assessed by Proteomics and Peptidomics.

This study focused on identifying amylase-trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) in seven Norwegian-cultivated wheat varieties, including common wheat and ancestral species, and identifying potentially harmful opioid peptides within the digesta of these wheats. LC-MS/MS analysis of tryptic peptides from ATI fractions revealed that the common wheat variety Børsum exhibited the highest diversity of ATIs ( = 24), while they were less represented in tetraploid emmer ( = 11). Hexaploid wheat Bastian showed low diversity and relative abundance of ATIs.

Whole-Genome Sequence of Subsp. LL16 Confirms Safety, Probiotic Potential, and Reveals Functional Traits.

Safety is the most important criteria of any substance or microorganism applied in the food industry. The whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of an indigenous dairy isolate LL16 confirmed it to be subsp. with genome size 2,589,406 bp, 35.

Effect of sprouting on the proteome of chickpea flour and on its digestibility by ex vivo gastro-duodenal digestion complemented with jejunal brush border membrane enzymes.

The demand for sustainably produced proteins is increasing with the world population and is prompting a dietary shift toward plant sourced proteins. Vegetable proteins have lower digestibility and biological value compared to animal derived counterparts. We explored sprouting of chickpea seeds as a strategy for improving digestibility.

Identification of rare genetic variants of the α-caseins in milk from native Norwegian dairy breeds and comparison of protein composition with milk from high-yielding Norwegian Red cows.

Several factors influence the composition of milk. Among these, genetic variation within and between cattle breeds influences milk protein composition, protein heterogeneity, and their posttranslational modifications. Such variations may further influence technological properties, which are of importance for the utilization of milk into dairy products.

Naturally Occurring Glycosidases in Milk from Native Cattle Breeds: Activity and Consequences on Free and Protein Bound-Glycans.

Little is known about the extent of variation and activity of naturally occurring milk glycosidases and their potential to degrade milk glycans. A multi-omics approach was used to investigate the relationship between glycosidases and important bioactive compounds such as free oligosaccharides and -linked glycans in bovine milk. Using 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU) assays activities of eight indigenous glycosidases were determined, and by mass spectrometry and H NMR spectroscopy various substrates and metabolite products were quantified in a subset of milk samples from eight native North European cattle breeds.