Cross-Sectional Comparative Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Spanish Adolescents with Mediterranean and Western Diets.

Unlabelled: Dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet (MD) and the Western diet (WD), influence gut microbiota composition and functionality, which play important roles in energy metabolism and nutrient absorption.

Objectives: A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the gut microbiota of 19 Spanish adolescents and to investigate the association of MD and ultra-processed food (UPF) intake with microbial diversity and community structure.

Methods: Functional diversity of gut microbiota was evaluated using Biolog EcoPlates, taxonomic composition was assessed with 16S rRNA sequencing via MinION, and phenotypic responses to antibiotics were analyzed using the cenoantibiogram technique under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Serum homocysteine is a biomarker for hearing loss associated with or without cardiovascular risk: a cross-sectional study in men.

Purpose: Hearing loss (HL) represents a major health problem worldwide, and increasingly so due to population ageing and new leisure activities, such as video gaming or virtual reality experiences. HL has a multifactorial origin including both genetic and environmental issues with nutrition status emerging as a new contributing factor. In fact, certain micronutrient deficiencies, along with excessive consumption of specific macronutrients, have been related to HL This study aimed to examine the association of HL with dietary fat intake, nutritional status biomarkers, and serum metabolic signature in aviation pilots and controls.

A New Mediterranean Lifestyle Pyramid for Children and Youth: A Critical Lifestyle Tool for Preventing Obesity and Associated Cardiometabolic Diseases in a Sustainable Context.

Cardiovascular disease risk factors begin in childhood and track into adulthood, increasing the possibility of impaired cardiometabolic health. Adopting healthy dietary patterns can help curb childhood obesity, a worrisome epidemic problem at present. In the era of personalized nutrition, dietary recommendations should be adapted to different stages of life, including children (older than 3 y) and adolescents.

Nutritional Status of Breastfeeding Mothers and Impact of Diet and Dietary Supplementation: A Narrative Review.

Adequate nutrition during breastfeeding is crucial for ensuring the good health of mothers and babies. Despite the high energy and nutrient demands of breastfeeding, lactating women are often vulnerable from a nutritional perspective. The nutritional focus during breastfeeding tends to be on the newborn, often neglecting the mother's diet.

Dietary intake, nutritional adequacy and food sources of vitamins involved in the methionine-methylation cycle from Spanish children aged one to <10 years: results from the EsNuPI study.

Background: Methionine-methylation cycle and the derived critical functions during infancy are key regulated by folates, vitamins B, and B. At present in Spain, there is an absence of studies that assess the intakes and dietary sources of total folates and B by children consuming all types of milks and those regularly consuming adapted milk formulas. Thus, our aim was to evaluate folates intakes alongside with vitamins B and B while describing their major dietary contributors in Spanish children aged one to <10 years.