Identity closure: a fifth identity status.

This study examined identity status and self-actualization of young adults (N = 41), who were administered a revised identity interview (based on Marcia's interview) and a measure of self-actualization (the Personal Orientation Inventory). A fifth status, identity closure, was added to account for status regression and re-foreclosure, found in previous studies. This addition prompted a revision of the operational definition of identity achievement to include three criteria: exploration, tentative commitment, and openness to alternatives.

Hemifield pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in retrochiasmal lesions with homonymous visual field defect.

This study was designed to examine the clinical significance and the reliability of hemifield pattern reversal VEPs in the assessment of homonymous visual field defects due to retrochiasmal lesions. 13 patients with traumatic, neoplastic or ischemic lesions of the cerebral parenchyma, and 18 normal subjects were studied. The results show that amplitude asymmetries over 4 microV (between responses evoked by right and left hemifield stimulation, recorded ipsilaterally to the stimulated hemifield) are clinically relevant for hemianopic visual field defect.