Mid-infrared radiation technique for direct pyroelectric and electrocaloric measurements.

A mid-infrared radiometric (MIR) method for precise in situ temperature measurements when studying pyroelectric and electrocaloric properties of bulk and film materials is presented. The method uses new MIR-temperature sensors based on narrowband high-speed and high-sensitive uncooled immersion lens AB photodiodes with a precalibration procedure. They are completely insensitive to the background illumination with λ ≤ 1 µm and provide contactless temperature measurements directly in the area of laser heating action.

[The correlation of tolerance to cerebral ischemia and body temperature with glutathione concentration].

Methodic approaches for the purposeful changes of glutathione concentration in the brain and liver by administration of glutathione depletors and prodrugs have been modified. Two different depletors (diethylmaleate and buthionine sulfoximine) cause considerable increase of tolerance to the complete global cerebral ischemia and hypothermia development which correlate closely with the decrease of GSH concentration. Five GSH prodrugs (GSH esters and oxothiazolidine carboxilate) and GSH itself usually decrease slightly body temperature but do not influence tolerance to ischemia in the most of series.

Influence of changes in glutathione concentration on body temperature and tolerance to cerebral ischemia.

Two compounds that deplete glutathione (buthionine sulfoximine and diethyl maleate) with different mechanisms of action decrease body temperature and increase tolerance to complete global cerebral ischemia, both correlating closely with the glutathione concentration decrease. Glutathione apparently participates in the regulations of these functional parameters. GSH diethyl ester does not influence the latter, though it increases moderately the GSH concentration.

[Results of surgical treatment of bronchiectasis in children].

Among the causes of complications occurring in the early postoperative period in children is purulent endobronchitis which in most cases cannot be arrested in the preoperative period by the traditional methods of bronchoscopic cleansing. Endobronchial application of a helium--neon laser beam in a complex with the traditional methods in the preoperative period allows endobronchitis to be arrested and the postoperative complications to be reduced to 3% of cases.

[External respiratory function in children with bilateral, chronic, nonspecific inflammatory disease of the lungs after surgical treatment].

The results of operative treatment of children with bilateral chronic unspecific inflammatory diseases of the lungs were studied in follow-up periods of up to 17 years. Among the 73 patients studied, 19 had a history of bilateral and the remaining a history of unilateral resections. According to the findings of respiratory function examination, a combined type of ventilation disorders with mild hypoxemia and hypercapnia was characteristic of this group of patients before the operation.