Using lesion washout volume fraction as a biomarker to improve suspicious breast lesion characterization.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate using lesion washout (WO) volume fraction as a biomarker to improve the characterization of suspicious breast lesions. Study lesions consisted of a total of 60 malignant tumors (BI-RADS 6) and 62 suspicious lesions (BI-RADS 4 or 5). The biopsies of these suspicious lesions resulted in a total of 30 malignant tumors and 32 benign lesions, respectively, yielding a 48.

Stable radio-frequency transfer over optical fiber by phase-conjugate frequency mixing.

We demonstrate long-distance (≥100-km) synchronization of the phase of a radio-frequency reference over an optical-fiber network without needing to actively stabilize the optical path length. Frequency mixing is used to achieve passive phase-conjugate cancellation of fiber-length fluctuations, ensuring that the phase difference between the reference and synchronized oscillators is independent of the link length. The fractional radio-frequency-transfer stability through a 100-km "real-world" urban optical-fiber network is 6 × 10(-17) with an averaging time of 10(4) s.

High-precision optical-frequency dissemination on branching optical-fiber networks.

We present a technique for the simultaneous dissemination of high-precision optical-frequency signals to multiple independent remote sites on a branching optical-fiber network. The technique corrects optical-fiber length fluctuations at the output of the link, rather than at the input as is conventional. As the transmitted optical signal remains unaltered until it reaches the remote site, it can be transmitted simultaneously to multiple remote sites on an arbitrarily complex branching network.

Female medical students' interest in radiology careers.

Objective: Women are underrepresented in radiology. The aim of this study was to measure first-year medical students' level of interest in radiology and their attitudes toward factors that could affect residency specialty choices to further understand how to recruit women into radiology careers.

Materials And Methods: First-year medical students were administered surveys before and after a 7-week required introductory radiology course.