Back to the future: Retrograde alcohol calculations an uncertain science.

Retrograde extrapolations, known as back calculations are widely used in forensic toxicology to estimate the blood alcohol concentration of an individual at some prior time. In the UK guidelines have been issued by the United Kingdom and Ireland Association of Forensic Toxicologists) and the Organization of Scientific Area Committees (OSAC) for Forensic Science. However, these guidelines are not fully agreed and open tointerpretation.

Evaluation and comparison of sensitivity of alcohol biomarkers PEth, EtG and EtPa in civil cases in England 2022-2023.

This study details trends in direct alcohol biomarker concentrations from civil cases within the United Kingdom (UK). Our subject cohort in this study related to family law litigation, where an individual was subject to an alcohol monitoring order by the court. This monitoring was conducted by quantification of alcohol biomarkers Phosphatidlyethanol (PEth) in dried blood spots (DBS) and Ethyl Glucuronide (EtG) and Ethyl Palmitate (EtPa) from hair segments.

Development of a Gas-Tight Syringe Headspace GC-FID Method for the Detection of Ethanol, and a Description of the Legal and Practical Framework for Its Analysis, in Samples of English and Welsh Motorists' Blood and Urine.

Ethanol is the most commonly used recreational drug worldwide. This study describes the development and validation of a headspace gas chromatography flame ionisation detection (HS-GC-FID) method using dual columns and detectors for simultaneous separation and quantitation. The use of a dual-column, dual-detector HS-GC-FID to quantitate ethanol is a common analytical technique in forensic toxicology; however, most analytical systems utilise pressure-balance injection rather than a simplified gas-tight syringe, as per this technique.

COVID-19 and the Authority of Science.

In an attempt to respond effectively to the COVID-19 pandemic, policy makers and scientific experts who advise them have aspired to present a unified front. Leveraging the authority of science, they have at times portrayed politically favored COVID interventions, such as lockdowns, as strongly grounded in scientific evidence-even to the point of claiming that enacting such interventions is simply a matter of "following the science." Strictly speaking, all such claims are false, since facts alone never yield moral-political conclusions.