Police transport of firearm-injured patients-more often and more injured.

Background: Police transport (PT) of penetrating trauma patients decreases the time between injury and trauma center arrival. Our study objective was to characterize trends in the rate of PT and its impact on mortality. We hypothesized that PT is increasing and that these patients are more injured.

Receptor-mediated entry of peroxidases into the parasitophorous vacuoles of macrophages infected with Leishmania Mexicana amazonensis.

Leishmania amastigotes, obligatory parasites of macrophages, lodge and multiply within long-lived phagolysosomelike "parasitophorous vacuoles" (PV). The glycoprotein horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was shown, by light and electron microscopic cytochemistry, to enter the PVs of rat in vitro-derived bone marrow macrophages infected with Leishmania mexicana amazonensis. Uptake was obtained both in preinfected macrophages incubated with HRP and in macrophages pulsed with HRP, infected, and further incubated in ligand-free medium.

Leishmania mexicana: temperature sensitivity of isolated amastigotes and of amastigotes infecting macrophages in culture.

Different temperature requirements for intracellular growth of Leishmania spp. may account for the predominantly peripheral or visceral localization of the parasites in the vertebrate host. We show here that Leishmania mexicana amazonensis, an agent of cutaneous disease, is growth restricted in vitro at 37.