Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Uzbekistan: results of a nationwide survey, 2010 to 2011.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB; resistance to at least rifampicin and isoniazid) is a global public health concern. In 2010–2011, Uzbekistan, in central Asia, conducted its first countrywide survey to determine the prevalence of MDR-TB among TB patients. The proportion of MDR-TB among new and previously treated TB patients throughout the country was measured and risk factors for MDR-TB explored.

Why do tuberculosis patients default in Tashkent City, Uzbekistan? A qualitative study.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) control in Tashkent City, Uzbekistan, is organised in accordance with the DOTS strategy. Intensive phase treatment is provided in hospital, while the continuation phase is given on an ambulatory basis. In 2005, the defaulter rate was 21%.

Drug prescribing practices for tuberculosis in Uzbekistan.

Setting: Uzbekistan has had 100% DOTS coverage since 2005; however, the treatment success rate has remained at around 80% for the last 4 years. Surveys from the capital city of Tashkent and from western Uzbekistan have shown high levels of primary multidrug resistance.

Objective: To assess treatment regimens prescribed for new cases of tuberculosis (TB), including the prescription of additional non-TB drugs, and the cost implications for the patient.

[Detection of tuberculosis in the countries of Central Asia by the electronic monitoring system data].

The basic stages of putting into practice of tuberculosis monitoring systems in the Central Asian Region (CAC) (Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrghyz, and Tajikistan) with the assistance of the USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Central Asian Region Programs (CDC/CAR), and the USA Agency for International Development in 2000-2006 are considered. These stages comprised: 1) modification of accounting and reporting forms in accordance with the requirements of the uniform statistical tuberculosis registration system; 2) development, adaptation, and introduction of an electronic tuberculosis monitoring and management system (ETMMS) in the regions and countries of Central Asia; 3) epidemiological analysis of information of tuberculosis monitoring systems, by using the elements of evidence-based medicine. At present, policy electronic tuberculosis monitoring systems entirely cover the areas of three countries of the region.

Mechanisms of heteroresistance to isoniazid and rifampin of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

Heteroresistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is defined as the coexistence of susceptible and resistant organisms to anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs in the same patient. Heteroresistance of MTB is considered a preliminary stage to full resistance. To date, no mechanism causing heteroresistance of MTB has been proven.