Developing Topics.

Background: Agitation, manifesting as aggressive and non-aggressive behaviors, is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's dementia, presenting in approximately half of all patients. Despite the high prevalence, recognition of agitation in Alzheimer's dementia (AAD) remains a challenge that impacts timely diagnosis and treatment. The International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) established a new standard definition of agitation in cognitive disorders, which provides guidance for advancing recognition and improving patient care.

Drug Development.

Background: Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) often experience burdensome neuropsychiatric symptoms, including agitation which occurs in both home and long-term care (LTC) facilities, and is associated with substantial increases in caregiver burden and LTC placements. AXS-05 (45-mg dextromethorphan/105-mg bupropion), a novel, oral NMDA receptor antagonist and sigma-1 receptor agonist, approved by the FDA for major depressive disorder, is being investigated for treatment of AD agitation (ADA). AXS-05 has been evaluated in 2 randomized, double-blind studies: Phase 2 ADVANCE-1 (NCT03226522); Phase 3 ACCORD (NCT04797715).

The impact of cognitive reserve relative to risk of Alzheimer's disease and rate of progression: an up-to-date review of the literature.

Introduction: Cognitive reserve (CR) is a crucial factor in explaining individual differences in the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive decline. CR refers to the brain's ability to cope with pathology through compensatory mechanisms. This review examines the various methods used to measure, predict, and influence CR.

Recent advances in Alzheimer's disease therapy: clinical trials and literature review of novel enzyme inhibitors targeting amyloid precursor protein.

Introduction: Amyloid precursor protein (APP) plays a central role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The accumulation of beta-amyloid protein is believed to be a crucial step in the development of AD. Therefore, understanding the complex biology of APP and its various cleavage products may be useful for developing effective therapeutic strategies for AD.