[Identification of pesticide residues in common fruits and vegetables by gas chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry].

A new screening method was developed for the determination of 152 pesticide multi-residues in different chemical species with a Carbon NH2 column using solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled with gas chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF MS). In the first stage (MS1) accurate mass database, up to three-five ions of the pesticides were monitored. The presence of at least three ions and the accomplishment of the intensity ratio (Q/q(i)) within the established tolerances were used as the confirmation of intensity criteria.

Low level exposure to cadmium and early kidney damage: the OSCAR study.

Objectives: To study the dose-response relation between cadmium dose and renal tubular damage in a population of workers and people environmentally or occupationally exposed to low concentrations of cadmium.

Methods: Early kidney damage in 1021 people, occupationally or environmentally exposed to cadmium, was assessed from cadmium in urine to estimate dose, and protein HC (alpha(1)-microglobulin) in urine to assess tubular proteinuria.

Results: There was an age and sex adjusted correlation between cadmium in urine and urinary protein HC.

Low-level cadmium exposure and osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a major cause of morbidity worldwide. A number of risk factors, such as age and gender, are well established. High cadmium exposure causes renal damage and in severe cases also causes osteoporosis and osteomalacia.

Mortality and cancer incidence in Swedish battery workers exposed to cadmium and nickel.

Objective: To follow up cancer incidence and mortality in a group of Swedish battery workers exposed to nickel hydroxide and cadmium oxide.

Methods: 869 workers, employed at least one year between the years 1940 and 1980 were followed up until 1992. Vital status and causes of death were obtained from the Swedish cause of death registry.

Cumulative blood-cadmium and tubular proteinuria: a dose-response relationship.

Biological monitoring, i.e. using individual measures of exposure such as cadmium in blood, is supposed to reflect the real dose better than the more commonly used external measures such as air-cadmium.