Tumor cells are dislodged into the pulmonary vein during lobectomy.

Objective: Intraoperative tumor shedding may facilitate tumor dissemination. In earlier studies, shed tumor cells were defined primarily by cytomorphological examination, and normal epithelial cells could not always be distinguished from tumor cells. We sought to accurately identify tumor cells using single-cell sequencing and determine whether these cells were mobilized into the circulation during pulmonary lobectomy.

Congenital absence of the left internal carotid artery.

The absence of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a rare congenital anomaly, occurring in <0.01% of the population. Aplasia of the ICA may be harmless; however, the significance of ICA aplasia may be associated with conditions of clinical importance, such as in the setting of surgery, thromboembolic disease, and detection of cerebral aneurysms, and therefore should prompt further evaluation to rule out abnormalities.

Coronary cameral fistula: left anterior descending artery to left ventricle.

Coronary cameral fistulas are unusual congenital or acquired anomalous communications between an epicardial coronary artery and a cardiac chamber. We present such an unusual entity here of a coronary cameral fistula between the left anterior descending artery and the left ventricle that was repaired surgically. Coronary cameral fistula is a rare but surgically curable congenital heart defect.

Dual inferior vena cava: two inferior vena cava filters.

The formation of the venous drainage system of the human body is a complex process involving structures forming and regressing in a predefined order. Interruption of any one of these steps results in the formation of a congenital anomaly. Knowledge of these anomalies can prevent us from potential serious and sometimes fatal complications.

Laparoscopic fenestration and modified marsupialization of posttraumatic splenic cysts using a harmonic scalpel.

In recent years, the advanced laparoscopic experience has revolutionized surgery and fostered the expansion of the indications for minimally invasive surgery in the diagnosis and treatment of all intra-abdominal pathology. Total splenectomy, which traditionally was the procedure of choice in the treatment of symptomatic nonparasitic splenic cysts, recently has been changed to a more conservative approach by many authors [1, 5, 9]. The conservative methods preserve immunologic function of the spleen and prevent the potentially fatal postsplenectomy sepsis complications [9].