Effect of exogenous surfactants on viability and DNA synthesis in A549, immortalized mouse type II and isolated rat alveolar type II cells.

Background: In mechanically ventilated preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), exogenous surfactant application has been demonstrated both to decrease DNA-synthesis but also and paradoxically to increase epithelial cell proliferation. However, the effect of exogenous surfactant has not been studied directly on alveolar type II cells (ATII cells), a key cell type responsible for alveolar function and repair.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two commercially available surfactant preparations on ATII cell viability and DNA synthesis.

Systemic hypothermia induced within 10 hours after birth improved neurological outcome in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of systemic hypothermia when applied within 10 hours after birth to neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Study Design: Ninety-three term infants with moderate-to-severe HIE were randomly assigned to either systemic hypothermia (n = 46) or conventional treatment (n = 47). Hypothermia was induced within 10 hours after birth, decreasing rectal temperature to 33.

Systemic hypothermia after neonatal encephalopathy: outcomes of neo.nEURO.network RCT.

Objective: Mild hypothermia after perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) reduces neurologic sequelae without significant adverse effects, but studies are needed to determine the most-efficacious methods.

Methods: In the neo.nEURO.

Role of p75NTR in NMDAR-mediated excitotoxic brain injury in neonatal mice.

Background: Perinatal brain injury in preterm infants is a major cause of neurological handicap. The role of the neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75(NTR)) in the pathogenesis and repair of neonatal excitotoxic brain injury is unknown. Depending on a complex interplay of neurotrophin signalling, p75(NTR) can, in addition to its trophic function, also induce apoptosis.

Policy benchmarking report on neonatal health and social policies in 13 European countries.

Background And Aim: Preterm birth is the major cause of infant mortality and morbidity in both developed and developing countries. In Europe, the prevalence rate of premature birth ranges from 5.5 to 11.