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La encefalopatía traumática crónica es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa resultante de la acumulación de numerosos traumatismos craneoencefálicos, para la cual no existe un diagnóstico en vida definitivo ni un tratamiento específico. Entre los factores de riesgo asociados se encuentran: la exposición a deportes de contacto que predisponen a traumatismos craneoencefálicos clínicos y subclínicos reiterados, la presencia de la apolipoproteína E4 y la edad. A escala microscópica, la lesión patognomónica de la enfermedad implica agregados de proteína tau fosforilada en neuronas, con o sin astrocitos en forma de espina, en las profundidades del surco cortical alrededor de un pequeño vaso sanguíneo, en lo profundo del parénquima y con un patrón irregular, que pueden estar acompañado en ocasiones de otros depósitos de proteínas anormales y prevalentes en otras entidades como placas de beta-amiloide, TDP-43 y/o alfa-sinucleína.

Argentina-Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative: pioneering Alzheimer's Research in Latin America and its Implications for Regional Advancement.

The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) has fostered collaboration among researchers around the world, catalyzing innovation and accelerating progress in the field. In Latin America, this initiative advanced the validation and development of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers for the first time in our region. In 2011, as part of the international ADNI, Argentina-ADNI (Arg-ADNI) was founded.

CDK5 Deficiency Does not Impair Neuronal Differentiation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells but Affects Neurite Outgrowth.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is a protein kinase involved in neuronal homeostasis and development critical for neuronal survival. Besides, its deregulation is linked to neurodegenerative pathologies such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. For that reason, we aimed to generate a deficient CDK5 genetic model in neurons derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.

Advancements in dementia research, diagnostics, and care in Latin America: Highlights from the 2023 Alzheimer's Association International conference satellite symposium in Mexico City.

Introduction: While Latin America (LatAm) is facing an increasing burden of dementia due to the rapid aging of the population, it remains underrepresented in dementia research, diagnostics, and care.

Methods: In 2023, the Alzheimer's Association hosted its eighth satellite symposium in Mexico, highlighting emerging dementia research, priorities, and challenges within LatAm.

Results: Significant initiatives in the region, including intracountry support, showcased their efforts in fostering national and international collaborations; genetic studies unveiled the unique genetic admixture in LatAm; researchers conducting emerging clinical trials discussed ongoing culturally specific interventions; and the urgent need to harmonize practices and studies, improve diagnosis and care, and use affordable biomarkers in the region was highlighted.

The transcription factor OCT6 promotes the dissolution of the naïve pluripotent state by repressing Nanog and activating a formative state gene regulatory network.

In the mouse embryo, the transition from the preimplantation to the postimplantation epiblast is governed by changes in the gene regulatory network (GRN) that lead to transcriptional, epigenetic, and functional changes. This transition can be faithfully recapitulated in vitro by the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to epiblast-like cells (EpiLCs), that reside in naïve and formative states of pluripotency, respectively. However, the GRN that drives this conversion is not fully elucidated.