Early onset hereditary papillary renal carcinoma: germline missense mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of the met proto-oncogene.

Purpose: Hereditary papillary renal carcinoma (HPRC) is characterized by a predisposition to multiple, bilateral papillary type 1 renal tumors caused by inherited activating missense mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of the MET proto-oncogene. In the current study we evaluated the clinical phenotype and germline MET mutation of 3 new HPRC families. We describe the early onset clinical features of HPRC.

[Cost-effectiveness analysis of extracorporeal lithotripsy].

The recent introduction of extracorporeal lithotripsy (ECL) for the treatment of urinary stones has raised new questions for doctors and economic policy decision makers. This study presents a cost-effectiveness analysis of extracorporeal lithotripsy conducted in an Italian hospital which has used a Sonolith 3000 lithotriptor since 1989. The overall cost of treatment by ECL (of a simple case of urinary stones) is 5,080 FF and the cost per cured case (taking into account the number of sessions per patient and the percentage of cured cases) varies between 6,200 FF and 9,500 FF.

[Comparison of efficacy and tolerability among 3 quinolones in the treatment of lower urinary tract infections (cinoxacin versus ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin].

A clinical trial was carried out in 150 patients with lower urinary tract infections in order to compare the efficacy and tolerability of three quinolone drugs (cinoxacin, ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin). The satisfactory therapeutic efficacy of all three drugs is underlined, as is the excellent tolerability of cinoxacin.

[Scrotal injuries].

The authors report their experience in the surgical treatment of scrotal trauma and underline the diagnostic importance of ultrasound as well as the necessity of an early surgical control, in order to prevent permanent damage of the testicle.