A Cross-Sectional Survey to Measure Attitude, Self-Reported Practice, Levels, Typology, and Determinants of Lifetime Gambling Behaviors Among Undergraduate Students in Higher Training Institutions, Tanzania.

Lifetime gambling activities and behaviors are considered as potentially addictive behaviors that may impact a student's performance. According to a survey conducted in Tanzanian's higher training institutions, for example, 37.2% of sports gamblers were students.

Patients' insights into unused medications during the COVID-19 outbreak: A qualitative study.

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak had significant global healthcare implications, including the use of medications. This is specifically evident in the surge in use of some medication and a decline in the use of others. As a result, some medications end up unused, which may have subsequent health, economic, and environmental impacts.

Downregulation of Klebsiella pneumoniae RND efflux pump genes following indole signal produced by Escherichia coli.

Background: More than a century has passed since it was discovered that many bacteria produce indole, but research into the actual biological roles of this molecule is just now beginning. The influence of indole on bacterial virulence was extensively investigated in indole-producing bacteria like Escherichia coli. To gain a deeper comprehension of its functional role, this study investigated how indole at concentrations of 0.

Clinical utility of CT myelography renal collecting system density in the evaluation of spinal CSF leak or CSF-venous connection in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension.

Introduction: Identifying spontaneous CSF leaks can be difficult on CT myelography (CTM) in patients with suspected spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). The current study compared renal collecting system (RCS) density during CTM in patients with suspected SIH relative to non-SIH controls and evaluated the overall utility as an indirect sign of spontaneous CSF leak in patients with SIH.

Methods: All CTM performed over an 8-year period (n = 392) were retrospectively reviewed and included cases (n = 295) were divided into groups consisting of SIH patients with (n = 35) or without (n = 77) confirmed CSF leak on CTM and non-SIH controls (n = 183).