Nanoparticles and phototherapy combination as therapeutic alternative in prostate cancer: A scoping review.

Prostate cancer (CaP) is one of the most common types of cancers worldwide. Despite the existing surgical techniques, prostatectomy patients may experience tumor recurrence. In addition, castration-resistant cancers pose a challenge, especially given their lack of response to standard care.

Periglomerular accumulation of dendritic cells in rat crescentic glomerulonephritis.

Background: An increased number of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-positive cells (OX-6+ cells) were observed in the glomerulus and periglomerular interstitium during the course of anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) crescentic glomerulonephritis (GN) in WKY rats. This study aimed to demonstrate that periglomerular OX-6+ cells are dendritic cells (DCs) and to clarify their roles in the pathogenesis of this GN.

Methods: Kidney sections were stained with the OX-6 and the rat DC marker OX-62 by immunohistochemistry, and periglomerular OX-6+ cells were observed by immunoelectron microscopy.

Molecular characterization of water-selective AQP (EbAQP4) in hagfish: insight into ancestral origin of AQP4.

Hagfish (Eptatretus burgeri) are agnathous and are the earliest vertebrates still in existence. Pavement cells adjacent to the mitochondria-rich cells show orthogonal arrays of particles (OAPs) in the gill of hagfish, a known ultrastructural morphology of aquaporin (AQP) in mammalian freeze-replica studies, suggesting that an AQP homolog exists in pavement cells. We therefore cloned water channels from hagfish gill and examined their molecular characteristics.

Suppression of experimental crescentic glomerulonephritis by interleukin-10 gene transfer.

Background: Investigated were effects of overexpression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) on the outcome and progression of crescentic glomerulonephritis in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats.

Methods: Rats were singly or simultaneously injected with antiglomerular basement membrane (a-GBM) antibody and adenoviral vector encoding rat IL-10 (Ad-rIL-10) or LacZ (Ad-LacZ) (3 x 1010 pfu/rat) intravenously, and were sacrificed at day 7. Their kidneys and other organs were isolated and examined by histology and immunohistochemistry.

Lengthening the Achilles tendon for the treatment of diabetic plantar forefoot ulceration.

The accepted hallmarks of care for plantar forefoot ulceration are meticulous wound care, nutrition, management of infection, and non-weight bearing of the ulcerative area. Tendo-Achilles lengthening is crucial in healing these ulcerations when it is determined that the Achilles tendon is one of the main biomechanical stresses that led to the ulceration. The Silfverskiold test helps determine whether a percutaneous lengthening or gastrocnemius recession is called for.