Caudal catheter placement for repeated epidural morphine doses after neonatal upper abdominal surgery.

Effective pain control after major surgery in neonates presents many challenges. Parenteral opioids (and co-analgesics) are often used but inadequate analgesia and oversedation are not uncommon. Although continuous thoracic epidural analgesia is highly effective and opioid-sparing, its associated risks and the need for staff with specialised skills and/or neonatal intensive care unit staff buy-in may preclude this option even in many academic centres.

Characterising F-fluciclovine uptake in breast cancer through the use of dynamic PET/CT imaging.

Background: F-fluciclovine is a synthetic amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer that is approved for use in prostate cancer. In this clinical study, we characterised the kinetic model best describing the uptake of F-fluciclovine in breast cancer and assessed differences in tracer kinetics and static parameters for different breast cancer receptor subtypes and tumour grades.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients with pathologically proven breast cancer underwent 20-min dynamic PET/computed tomography imaging following the administration of F-fluciclovine.

Medications to manage infant pain, distress and end-of-life symptoms in the immediate postpartum period.

Introduction: Perinatal palliative care (PnPC) is a growing field where healthcare providers from multiple disciplines are supporting families and providing holistic care for their babies with life-limiting illnesses. It is important to have an approach that includes the standardized management of end-of-life symptoms that are anticipated around the time of birth.

Areas Covered: A need was identified to develop medication orders for the initial pharmacological management of symptoms at end-of-life for infants with life-limiting conditions intended for use outside of an intensive care setting.

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist: An exploratory plasma biomarker that correlates with disability and provides pathophysiological insights in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating and neurodegenerative disorder. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) is an endogenous soluble antagonist of the IL-1 receptor and blocks the pro-inflammatory effects of IL-1β known to contribute to MS pathology. The objectives of this study were to determine whether IL-1RA is associated with disability in MS and how this correlates with neurofilament light (NfL) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Congenital Chylothorax and Hydrops Fetalis: A Novel Neonatal Presentation of Mutation.

Mutations in the gene are known to cause arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), with evidence of associated lymphatic malformations. We report for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, an infant with mutation presenting with hydrops fetalis and chylothorax, but without an associated AVM. Previously, researchers studying rodents have found chylothorax associated with mutations, and, in previous case reports, researchers have reported on infants with mutations born with hydrops fetalis and AVMs.