The Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are relapsing, remitting inflammatory diseases of the intestinal tract. Familial aggregation and genome-wide association studies revealed susceptibility variants that point toward a combination of innate immune and adaptive immune dysregulation that in concert with environmental factors, such as our microbiome, can initiate and perpetuate inflammation. Innate immune perturbations include functional abnormalities in the intestinal barrier, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and abnormal recognition of microbes.

Simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dyes from a complex mixture using a novel composite hydrogel based on pine needles, chitosan, and gelatin.

Following a holistic sustainable approach, we fabricated a biocomposite from pine needles (PNs), with two biopolymers, chitosan (CS) and gelatin (GEL). The biocomposite was used as an effective, regenerable, and reusable adsorbent for the removal of cationic and anionic dyes from their mixture. The cationic dyes chosen were malachite green, methylene blue, and crystal violet; and the anionic dyes were methyl orange and Congo red.

Mapping the landscape of childhood obesity: genomic insights and socioeconomic status in Indian school-going children.

Objective: Childhood obesity (OB) is influenced by complex gene-environmental interaction. While genetics of adult OB have been extensively studied, polygenic childhood OB in non-European populations is still underexplored. Furthermore, in a developing nation such as India, how the environmental component strongly modulated by the socioeconomic status (SES) shapes the genetic susceptibility is crucial to understand.

Insights from 1096 clinical cases: pioneering a universal grading system for vernal keratoconjunctivitis management.

Aim: To analyse the clinical and demographic profiles of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and propose a grading for VKC based on corneal status and symptom periodicity rather than disease activity.

Methods: Retrospective observational study from January 2015 to January 2020 in India. VKC grading was based on past/present clinical signs and frequency of symptoms rather than disease activity.