Perspective: Human Milk Composition and Related Data for National Health and Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research.

National health and nutrition monitoring is an important federal effort in the United States and Canada, and the basis for many of their nutrition and health policies. Understanding of child exposures through human milk (HM) remains out of reach due to lack of current and representative data on HM's composition and intake volume. This article provides an overview of the current national health and nutrition monitoring activities for HM-fed children, HM composition (HMC) and volume data used for exposure assessment, categories of potential measures in HM, and associated variability factors.

Risk Factors, Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Osteoporosis in HIV-Infected Adults in an HIV Primary Care Clinic.

Background: The population of people living with HIV is aging, and with aging come emergent comorbidities, including osteoporosis, for which screening and treatment are becoming increasingly important. Osteoporosis prevalence among those living with HIV is 3 times greater than among HIV-uninfected controls.

Objective: To assess and describe osteoporosis risk factors, screening, diagnosis, and treatment for people 50 years of age or older living with HIV and receiving care at a multidisciplinary HIV primary care clinic.

Genomic analysis of Fisher F344 rat kidneys from a reproductive study following dietary ochratoxin A exposure.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by species of Penicillium and Aspergillus, and is found in many commodities including cereal grains, nuts, and coffee. OTA is a renal carcinogen and nephrotoxin at high concentrations, targeting the proximal tubules. This study uses transcriptomics and the previously reported apical data (Bondy et al.

A one-generation reproductive toxicity study of the mycotoxin ochratoxin A in Fischer rats.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium molds. Grain-based foods account for most human dietary exposures to OTA. OTA is a teratogen, but its reproductive and developmental effects are poorly understood.

Rat strain response differences upon exposure to technical or alpha hexabromocyclododecane.

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a brominated flame retardant which was recommended by a UN expert body under the Stockholm Convention to be eliminated from the global marketplace in 2011; however, due to its ability to persist in the environment, undergo long-range transport and bioaccumulate, it remains a concern for human health. The commercial mix of HBCD (T-HBCD) consists of α-HBCD, β-HBCD and γ-HBCD. Although the γ-HBCD (79%) isomer is the predominant isomer of T-HBCD, the most bioaccumulative isomer detected in mammals is the α-HBCD isomer.