[Anthropophysiologic basis of the formation of arterial hypertension in primates].

Comparative physiological analysis suggested evolutional direction of typical organization of the blood orthostatic regulation and its dependence upon the posture status in pronograde animals (rats, rabbits, cats, dogs) as well as in primates (humans, monkeys). Data on the evidence of functional adaptation of cardiovascular system under the conditions of experimental bipedal posture in monkeys are presented and the meaning of blood regulation according to the gravity factor in the development of arterial hypertension is discussed.

[Biological patterns of the development of lower monkeys during postnatal ontogenesis].

In 840 male rhesus-monkeys relationships between age, height, weight and growth rate were examined. In terms of growth rate the following five age periods were identified in the predefinitive stage of postnatal ontogenesis: childhood--from birth to 9 months of age, adolescence--from 9 months to 3 years, accelerated growth or pubescence--from 3 to 4.5 years, growth completion--from 4.

[Morphological manifestations of primate adaptation to orthograde statics and upright posture].

Using lower primates (rhesus-monkeys) who were experimentally transformed to bipeds, we examined morphological signs of their musculo-skeletal adaptation to the upright walking pattern. It was found that the bipeds developed typical characteristics of the upright posture: complete erectness of the torso and legs and noticeable enhancement of lumbar lordosis. The maximum deviation of the lumbar arch in the bipeds (10.