Aberrant DNA methylation of genes regulating CD4+ T cell HIV-1 reservoir in women with HIV.

Background: The HIV-1 reservoir in CD4+ T cells (HR) pose a major challenge to curing HIV, with many of its mechanisms still unclear. HIV-1 DNA integration and immune responses may alter the host's epigenetic landscape, potentially silencing HIV-1 replication.

Methods: This study used bisulphite capture DNA methylation sequencing in CD4+ T cells from the blood of 427 virally suppressed women with HIV to identify differentially methylated sites and regions associated with HR.

Cardiac arrest in Australia: a call to action.

Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) represents a major cause of premature mortality globally, with an enormous effect on victims, families, and communities. Cardiac arrest prevention should be considered a health priority in Australia. A multi-faceted strategy will include community awareness, improved fundamental mechanistic understanding, preventive strategies, implementation of best-practice resuscitation strategies, secondary risk assessment of family members, and development of (near) real-time registries to inform areas of need and assess the effectiveness of interventions.

Gaps in Public Access Defibrillation: Analysis of International Legislation.

Background: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a global health issue, for which rapid public access defibrillation (PAD) increases survival.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate international legislation relating to PAD and develop legal recommendations to improve PAD in OHCA.

Methods: Searches covering 5 domains (automated external defibrillator [AED] provision, funding, identification, maintenance, lay responder training) were conducted in 99 jurisdictions worldwide: United States (50) and Canada (13) analyzed at state/province level; 36 other countries analyzed at national level.

Does a values clarification and attitudes transformation (VCAT) workshop influence provider attitudes, knowledge, and service provision related to abortion care?: Evidence from a mixed-methods longitudinal randomised controlled trial in Ethiopia.

Despite being widely implemented, little information exists on the effect of Value Clarification and Attitude Transformation (VCAT) workshops on health care provider knowledge and attitudes and abortion provision. Between 2019 and 2021, we conducted a cluster-randomised controlled trial among 101 private abortion-providing healthcare facilities in Ethiopia. We surveyed 217 providers prior to a VCAT workshop and again at 2 weeks, 6 months, and one year following VCAT workshop participation to understand abortion knowledge and attitudes, examined service statistics to assess abortion client volumes, and conducted in-depth interviews with 30 providers.

Bilateral Patellar Avascular Necrosis Following Total Knee Arthroplasties.

A 79-year-old female with a history of bilateral knee osteoarthritis presented with severe knee pain, eight years post-bilateral total knee arthroplasties (TKAs). Notably, a lateral retinacular release had been performed alongside each arthroplasty. On examination, she displayed new painful prominences along the lateral aspects of both knees.