Detailed structural and spectroscopic elucidation of ferrocenium coupled N-heterocyclic carbene gold(I) complexes.

Unambiguous assignment of redox sites on ferrocene coupled N-heterocyclic carbene gold(I) complexes [(Fc-NHC)Au(I)] is critical to gain a greater mechanistic understanding of their activity in a cellular environment. Such information can be garnered with isolation and detailed characterization of the oxidized version of [(Fc-NHC)Au(I)]. Herein we disclose a study that unambiguously illustrates redox events pertaining to [(Fc-NHC)Au(I)] that stem exclusively from ferrocene sites.

Creative implementation of 3Rs principles within industry programs: beyond regulations and guidelines.

The industry involved with using animals as an essential part of research has supported the theory and philosophy of the 3Rs for years. However, both the culture and approach surrounding the 3Rs is evolving rapidly, and many institutions are attempting to surpass the regulations and guidelines to implement the 3Rs for improved science and animal welfare. Regulatory documents and guidelines such as the Animal Welfare Act, the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, the Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, and the US Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training clearly outline how the IACUC should address the 3Rs, but there are many additional paradigms and resources that an institution can use to promote the 3Rs creatively.

Plasma citrate levels as a potential biomarker for glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine the possibility of plasma citrate as a biomarker in patients with glaucoma.

Methods: Twenty-one consecutive Caucasian patients with glaucoma and 21 sex- and age-matched controls were investigated. Plasma citrate, plasma creatinine, urine citrate, and urine creatinine were analyzed by ion chromatography.

Management of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with fibrosarcomatous transformation: an evidence-based review of the literature.

Fibrosarcomatous transformation represents a rare event in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) with unpredictable biological behaviour. No guidelines for the adequate treatment of patients with this rare neoplasm have been published. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of the literature comprising 157 patients with transformed DFSP focussing on surgical and adjuvant treatment modalities for this tumour.