Concordance between epidemiological evaluation of probability of transmission and whole genome sequence relatedness among hospitalized patients acquiring Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the concordance between epidemiologically determined transmission and genetic linkage of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp).

Methods: We included consecutive KPC-Kp carriers between December 2016 and April 2017 in a hospital endemic for KPC-Kp. We assessed epidemiological relatedness between patients by prospective investigations by the infection control team.

Risk factors for meningitis in neurosurgical patients with cerebrospinal fluid drains: prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage or intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring devices are life-saving devices. We examined the risk factors for infections related to them and assessed the effect of an infection control (IC) intervention.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Neurosurgical Department of our hospital between 2014 and 2017.

The association between infection control interventions and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae incidence in an endemic hospital.

Background: Israel experienced a national outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) starting in 2006.

Aim: To assess the association between infection control (IC) interventions implemented in a referral hospital in Israel and CRE incidence.

Methods: Retrospective quasi-experimental study of prospectively collected data.

Rate of colonization of health care workers by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in an endemic hospital: A prospective study.

The role of health care workers in transmission of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) has not been evaluated thoroughly. We sought to determine the rate of fecal carriage of CRE among health care workers in our hospital, which is endemic for CRE (prevalence of 19 out of 800 beds and incidence of 128 out of 49,325 hospital admissions). We found no carriers among the 177 health care workers that participated in the study, suggesting that transmission does not occur through personnel gastrointestinal carriage of the bacteria.

Risk Factors for Recurrence of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Carriage: Case-Control Study.

Background: The natural history of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) carriage and the timing and procedures required to safely presume a CRE-free status are unclear.

Objective: To determine risk factors for recurrence of CRE among presumed CRE-free patients.

Methods: Case-control study including CRE carriers in whom CRE carriage presumably ended, following at least 2 negative screening samples on separate days.