Assessing the effects of Enhanced Multicomponent Proactive Navigator-Assisted Cessation of Tobacco Use within a federally qualified health center (EMPACT-Us): a protocol study.

Background: California's relatively low smoking rate (10.1% in 2019-2020) (About CHIS, UCLA Center for Health Policy Research, 2024) masks deep disparities among low-income populations, where smoking rates are nearly double that of their middle- to upper-income peers. Low-income smokers report a similar desire to quit and similar rates of recent quit attempts as smokers from other groups; yet, they often face barriers in accessing effective resources to facilitate successful cessation.

[Good practices in epidemiological surveillance for the sustainability of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome elimination in El Salvador, 2019-2023Boas práticas de vigilância epidemiológica para a sustentabilidade da eliminação do sarampo, da rubéola e da síndrome da rubéola congênita em El Salvador, 2019-2023].

Objective: Describe good practices in epidemiological surveillance implemented in El Salvador between 2019 and 2023 to sustain the elimination of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome.

Methods: Special descriptive report on the implementation of good epidemiological and laboratory surveillance practices for measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome from 2019 to 2023.

Results: During the period 2019 to 2023, El Salvador reported no confirmed cases of measles, rubella, or congenital rubella syndrome.

The impact of circulating nucleosomes on inflammation in acute lung injury.

Extracellular histones are released in two major forms: free histones and nucleosomes (DNA-bound histones). However, little distinction has been made between these two forms of circulating extracellular histones. Our study detected increased circulating nucleosomes in acute lung injury patients.

Contributions of Fat and Fatty Acids Intake to the Latin American Diet: Results of ELANS Study.

Background/objectives: Fats, although essential for the proper functioning of the body, have been linked to an increased risk of developing chronic diseases, especially cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake of total fat and its components (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and trans fats) in men and women aged 15 to 65 years of the urban population in eight Latin American countries.

Methods: Survey data were collected from the Latin American Study of Nutrition and Health (ELANS, by its acronym in Spanish), an epidemiological study, including 9218 subjects from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela.

Infection-Associated Flares in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterised by generalised immune dysfunction, including infection susceptibility. Infection-associated flares (IAFs) are common and might rapidly self-resolve, paralleling infection resolution, but their specific clinical phenotype is poorly understood. Therefore, we screened 2039 consecutive visits and identified 134 flares, defined as a loss of the lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS), from 1089 visits at risk spanning over multiple follow-up years, yielding an average yearly LLDAS deterioration rate of 17%.