The role of endogenous proteases in the tenderisation of fast glycolysing muscle.

The activities of lysosomal cathepsins and the calpain-calpastatin system were measured to determine their involvement in the more rapid tenderisation of fast glycolysing muscle. The rate of pH fall of M. longissimus dorsi (LD) of Hereford cross Friesian heifers (n = 52, Experiment 1; n = 36, Experiment 2) was measured.

The relationship between early post-mortem pH and the tenderisation of beef muscles.

The rate of early post-mortem pH fall in bovine muscle was studied to determine its influence on the rate and extent of the tenderisation process. The pH of M. longissimus dorsi (LD) and M.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) identification of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in verrucous carcinoma of the larynx.

The incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections from verrucous carcinoma of the larynx was determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with consensus primers and by in situ hybridization designed to detect HPV types 6/11, 16/18, 31/33/35. HPV DNA was detected in 17 (85%) of 20 tissue samples by PCR; none of the 20 samples were positive for the seven genotype types tested by in situ hybridization. PCR is a valuable tool to detect HPV and therefore will significantly clarify the importance of HPV in squamous mucosal disorders.

Classical intranasal ethmoidectomy: does the endoscope have a role?

The major advantage of intranasal endoscopy is that it allows a magnified view of the osteomeatal region and the frontal recess. Performing intranasal ethmoidectomy with nasal endoscopes may be hazardous, particularly in the hands of inexperienced surgeons. The use of 2-power loops for performing intranasal ethmoidectomy has several advantages, including direct binocular vision and visualization of external anatomic landmarks.