In vivo dosimetry of total body irradiation patients: A 10 year retrospective analysis.

Myeloablative Total Body Irradiation (TBI) used in our Institution, as part of the conditioning scheme for haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, is an extended-distance supine technique that has been implemented using a 15 MV LINAC beam, lead lung compensators, PMMA, and water bolus to improve homogeneity. This study reviews in-vivo dosimetry (IVD) over 10 years of treatments, assessing the technique's robustness, accuracy, and efficiency. A 2-lateral opposite fields plan was calculated from planning CT with validated Oncentra TPS (Elekta AB, Sweden).

Artificial vitriols: a contemporary interpretation of historical ingredients.

"Vitriol" is a term that appeared during the Middle-Ages to indicate a wide range of ingredients widely used both in medicinal and alchemical recipes. Green, blue, or white vitriols are easily associated with iron(ii), copper(ii), and zinc sulphate respectively thanks to the historical sources composed in the time period when the ancient and modern nomenclatures overlapped. However, other colours of vitriols are attested throughout history, such as yellow, red, or black.

Lexicographic optimization-based planning for stereotactic radiosurgery of brain metastases.

Aim: To validate a fully-automated lexicographic optimization-planning system (mCycle, Elekta) for single-(SL) and multiple-(ML, up to 4 metastases) lesions in intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS, 21 Gy, single fraction).

Methods: A pre-determined priority list, Wish-List (WL), represents a dialogue between planner and clinician, establishing strict constraints and pursuing objectives. In order to satisfy the clinical protocol without manual intervention, four patients were required to tweak and fine-tune each WL (SLp, MLp) for coplanar arcs.

Making Yellows Last with Nitric Acid: Exploring Colour Permanence in Art and Knowledge, 1600-1850.

Nitric acid became commonly available in the seventeenth century. Since then, it held the interest of chemists, especially those interested in the art of dyeing. Due to what is now called the xanthoproteic reaction (from Greek , describing shades of yellow), nitric acid produces a stable yellow colouration in proteinaceous materials, such as wool, silk, and bones.