Morphological changes in motoneurons of the oculomotor nucleus of mice after a 30-day space flight and through a 7-day period of readaptation to earth gravity.

The cellular mechanisms of neuroplastic changes in the structure of motoneurons and neuropils of the oculomotor (III) nuclei in mice after a 30-day space flight and 7 days after landing were studied. The results showed that microgravity caused degenerative phenomena in neurons: a decrease in the number of terminal dendritic branches was found both after flight and after readaptation to Earth's gravity. In mice after the flight, the number of axodendritic synapses was less than in the control, and their number was not restored after the readaptation.

Studying the structure of the nucleus of the trochlear nerve in mice through 7 days of readaptation to earth gravity after spaceflight.

The negative effect of hypogravity on the human organism is manifested to a greater extent after the astronauts return to the conditions of habitual gravity. In this work, to elucidate the causes underlying atypical nystagmus, arising after the flight, we studied structural changes in the motoneurons of the trochlear nerve after a 7-day readaptation of mice to the conditions of Earth's gravity. It is known, that motoneurons of the trochlear nerve innervate the muscle that controls the movement of the eyes in the vertical direction.

Asynchronous DNA Replication of Biallelically Expressed Genes in Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes as a Prognostic Sign of Cancer.

Unlabelled: was to identify and quantify lymphocytes with asynchronous replication of the and genes in cancer patients versus controls and to assess the diagnostic capabilities of this approach.

Materials And Methods: The study was carried out with peripheral blood lymphocytes probed for the and genes using the interphase fluorescence hybridization (FISH) method (Vysis, USA and Kreatech, The Netherlands). The control group included 70 people: clinically healthy donors and patients with non-oncological diseases such as gastritis, pancreatitis, chronic calculous cholecystitis, bronchial asthma, peptic ulcer disease, inguinal hernia, arthrosis, myoma, hepatitis, epilepsy, chronic prostatitis, chronic tonsillitis, and rectal adenoma.

Influence of a 30-day spaceflight on the structure of motoneurons of the trochlear nerve nucleus in mice.

During spaceflight and immediately after it, adaptive neuroplastic changes occur in the sensorimotor structures of the central nervous system, which are associated with changes of mainly vestibular and visual signals. It is known that the movement of the eyeball in the vertical direction is carried out by muscles that are innervated by the trochlear nerve (CN IV) and the oculomotor nerve (CN III). To elucidate the cellular processes underlying the atypical vertical nystagmus that occurs under microgravity conditions, it seems necessary to study the state of these nuclei in animals in more detail after prolonged space flights.

Predominant synthesis of giant myofibrillar proteins in striated muscles of the long-tailed ground squirrel Urocitellus undulatus during interbout arousal.

Molecular mechanisms underlying muscle-mass retention during hibernation have been extensively discussed in recent years. This work tested the assumption that protein synthesis hyperactivation during interbout arousal of the long-tailed ground squirrel Urocitellus undulatus should be accompanied by increased calpain-1 activity in striated muscles. Calpain-1 is known to be autolysed and activated in parallel.