A High Throughput Method for Estimating Mouth-Level Intake of Mainstream Cigarette Smoke.

Introduction: We developed a high throughput method for estimating smoker's mainstream smoke intake on a per-cigarette basis by analyzing discarded cigarette butts. This new method utilizes ultraviolet/visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometric analysis of isopropanol-soluble smoke particulate matter extracted from discarded cigarette filters.

Methods: When measured under a wide range of smoking conditions for a given brand variant, smoking machine delivery of nicotine, benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and tobacco-specific nitrosamines can be related to the overall filter extract absorbance at 360 nm.

Chemical analysis of Alaskan Iq'mik smokeless tobacco.

Introduction: Iq'mik, a form of smokeless tobacco (ST), is traditionally used by Cup'ik and Yup'ik Eskimo people of western Alaska. Iq'mik is sometimes incorrectly considered to be a healthier alternative to smoking because its ingredients are perceived as "natural." Our chemical characterization of iq'mik shows that iq'mik is not a safe alternative to smoking or other ST use.

Exposure to and deposition of fine and ultrafine particles in smokers of menthol and nonmenthol cigarettes.

Introduction: Research on the deposition of mainstream smoke particulate in the respiratory tract of smokers is needed to understand how exposure may vary based on cigarette menthol content.

Methods: We conducted a nine-participant crossover study in which smokers were randomly assigned to cigarettes differing primarily in menthol content. Participants smoked the test cigarettes ad libitum for one week, provided spot urine samples, and then smoked four test cigarettes in a laboratory session; this was repeated for the other test cigarette in week two.

Mutagenicity of 11 cigarette smoke condensates in two versions of the mouse lymphoma assay.

Cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) is genotoxic in nearly all assays in which it has been tested. In this study, we investigated the mutagenicity of 11 CSCs using the microwell and soft-agar versions of the mouse lymphoma assay (MLA). These CSCs were prepared from commercial or experimental cigarettes, 10 of them were produced using International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) conditions and one CSC was generated using intense Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH) conditions.

Cytotoxicity of eight cigarette smoke condensates in three test systems: comparisons between assays and condensates.

Cytotoxic properties of tobacco smoke are associated with chronic tobacco-related diseases. The cytotoxicity of tobacco smoke can be tested with short-term predictive assays. In this study, we compare eight mainstream cigarette smoke condensates (CSCs) from commercial and experimental cigarettes in three different cytotoxicity assays with unique and overlapping endpoints.