Maltodextrin-induced intestinal injury in a neonatal mouse model.

Prematurity and enteral feedings are major risk factors for intestinal injury leading to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). An immature digestive system can lead to maldigestion of macronutrients and increased vulnerability to intestinal injury. The aim of this study was to test in neonatal mice the effect of maltodextrin, a complex carbohydrate, on the risk of intestinal injury.

Early Enteral Administration of a Complex Lipid Emulsion Supplement Prevents Postnatal Deficits in Docosahexaenoic and Arachidonic Acids and Increases Tissue Accretion of Lipophilic Nutrients in Preterm Piglets.

Background: Preterm delivery and current nutrition strategies result in deficiencies of critical long-chain fatty acids (FAs) and lipophilic nutrients, increasing the risk of preterm morbidities. We sought to determine the efficacy of preventing postnatal deficits in FAs and lipophilic nutrients using an enteral concentrated lipid supplement in preterm piglets.

Methods: Preterm piglets were fed a baseline diet devoid of arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and randomized to enteral supplementation as follows: (1) Intralipid (IL), (2) complex lipid supplement 1 (CLS1) with an AA:DHA ratio of 0.

Developmental Accretion of Docosahexaenoic Acid Is Independent of Fatty Acid Transporter Expression in Brain and Lung Tissues of C57BL/6 and Fat1 Mice.

Background: Developmental expression of fatty acid transporters and their role in polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in the postnatal period have not been evaluated.

Objective: We hypothesized that transporter expression is developmentally regulated, tissue-specific, and that expression can modulate fatty acid accretion independently of diet.

Methods: Brain and lung transporter expression were quantified in C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and Fat1 mice.

Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on postnatal ileum development using the fat-1 transgenic mouse model.

Background: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) play a critical role in neonatal health. We hypothesized that LCPUFAs play an essential role in priming postnatal gut development. We studied the effect of LCPUFAs on postnatal gut development using fat-1 transgenic mice, which are capable of converting n-6 to n-3 LCPUFAs, and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice.

Necroptosis Is an Important Severity Determinant and Potential Therapeutic Target in Experimental Severe Pancreatitis.

Background And Aims: Severe acute pancreatitis is characterized by acinar cell death and inflammation. Necroptosis is an aggressive and pro-inflammatory mode of cell death that can be prevented by necrostatin-1 administration or RIP3 deletion.

Methods: Mouse pancreatic acinar cells were incubated with supramaximally stimulating concentrations of caerulein or sub-micellar concentrations of TLCS and necroptosis was inhibited by either addition of necrostatin or by RIP3 deletion.