[Occupational and non occupational exposure to viral risk].

The transmission of an infectious disease can occur through exposure to blood or other potentially infectious body fluids, particularly in the event of skin-puncture injuries for healthcare workers, and during sexual intercourse. These situations are known as accidental blood exposures and sexual exposures respectively. Combined actions carried out have allowed to significantly reduce risks, either to healthcare professionals (by standard precautions, provision of safety devices, Hepatitis B vaccination made compulsory in the 1990s, antiretroviral post-exposure prophylaxis that should be initiated as soon as possible after exposure), or to people engaging in unprotected sex (by prevention messages, condom promotion, and antiretroviral post-exposure prophylaxis).

Structural and functional insights into the periplasmic detector domain of the GacS histidine kinase controlling biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogenic bacterium responsible for both acute and chronic infections and has developed resistance mechanisms due to its ability to promote biofilm formation and evade host adaptive immune responses. Here, we investigate the functional role of the periplasmic detector domain (GacS) from the membrane-bound GacS histidine kinase, which is one of the key players for biofilm formation and coordination of bacterial lifestyles. A gacS mutant devoid of the periplasmic detector domain is severely defective in biofilm formation.

Sharp Decrease of Reported Occupational Blood and Body Fluid Exposures in French Hospitals, 2003-2012: Results of the French National Network Survey, AES-RAISIN.

Objective: To assess the temporal trend of reported occupational blood and body fluid exposures (BBFE) in French healthcare facilities.

Method: Retrospective follow-up of reported BBFE in French healthcare facilities on a voluntary basis from 2003 to 2012 with a focus on those enrolled every year from 2008 to 2012 (stable cohort 2008-12).

Findings: Reported BBFE incidence rate per 100 beds decreased from 7.

[HPV vaccine and cervical cancer prevention in general practice. Survey conducted among general practitioners in the French departments of Eure-et-Loir and Cher].

General practitioners are the first line to promote the human papillomavirus vaccine in teenagers and young female adults. The goal of this study is: to describe the perception, in France, of this vaccine by the general practitioners in the first 6 months after the publication of national recommendations and reimbursement of this vaccine by the Social security; to know the daily practice of the cervical cancer prevention. These questions were asked through a questionnaire sent to 545 general practitioners s in the Eure-et-Loir and Cher departments.

[Ultrasound-guided puncture. Modern treatment of liver abscess].

The treatment of liver abscesses has benefitted from progress in imaging, particularly ultrasonography which allows simple and reliable aspiration and drainage. A series of 32 cases is reported, consisting of 29 pyogenic abscesses and 3 amoebic abscesses. Eighty-one per cent of patients were cured by aspiration and/or drainage, while 19% of patients had to be operated.