PCSK9 inhibition and cholesterol homeostasis in insulin producing β-cells.

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plays a central role in the pathology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. For decades, the gold standard for LDL-C lowering have been statins, although these drugs carry a moderate risk for the development of new-onset diabetes. The inhibitors of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) have emerged in the last years as potential alternatives to statins due to their high efficiency and safety without indications for a diabetes risk so far.

NUPR1 preserves insulin secretion of pancreatic β-cells during inflammatory stress by multiple low-dose streptozotocin and high-fat diet.

Obesity is associated with dyslipidemia and subclinical inflammation that promotes metabolic disturbances including insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. The nuclear protein, transcriptional regulator 1 (NUPR1) responds to cellular stresses and features tissue protective properties. To characterize the role of NUPR1 in endocrine pancreatic islets during inflammatory stress, we generated transgenic mice with β-cell-specific overexpression (βNUPR1).

Clinical Impact of the TCF7L2 Gene rs7903146 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Polymorphism in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Impaired Glycemic Control and Increased Need of Insulin Therapy.

Background: The single nucleotide polymorphism in rs7903146 is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus. Mechanisms by which this mutation acts, and its impact on the clinical course of the diseases remain unclear. Here we investigated the clinical impact of the T risk allele in women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Comparative Dose Accuracy of Durable and Patch Insulin Pumps Under Laboratory Conditions.

Recent studies demonstrate variable results of the accuracy with which patch pumps infuse insulin. Aim of this evaluation was to measure dose accuracies of the patch pump mylife™ OmniPod (OP) in comparison with the durable insulin pump MiniMed 640G (MM) simulating real-life clinical situations under laboratory conditions. Thirty-two OP and 15 MM were tested using insulin aspart at five different boluses (0.

Stem cells in the treatment of diabetes mellitus - Focus on mesenchymal stem cells.

Diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 have become a global epidemic with dramatically increasing incidences. Poorly controlled diabetes is associated with severe life-threatening complications. Beside traditional treatment with insulin and oral anti-diabetic drugs, clinicians try to improve patient's care by cell therapies using embryonic stem cells (ESC), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSC).