Publications by authors named "G Paolisso"

Aims: Hyperglycaemic conditions increase cardiac stress, a common phenomenon associated with inflammation, aging, and metabolic imbalance. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, a class of anti-diabetic drugs, showed to improve cardiovascular functions although their mechanism of action has not yet been fully established. This study investigated the effects of empagliflozin on cardiomyocytes following high glucose exposure, specifically focusing on inflammatory and metabolic responses.

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Aging induces complex changes in the lipid profiles across different areas of the brain. These changes can affect the function of brain cells and may contribute to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Research shows that while the overall lipid profile in the human brain remains quite steady throughout adulthood, specific changes occur with age, especially after the age of 50.

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Article Synopsis
  • Obesity can lead to serious health problems, including memory loss and dementia, because it changes how our brain and body work.
  • When someone is obese, it can cause inflammation and other problems in the brain that make it harder for brain cells to stay healthy.
  • This information helps scientists find ways to prevent brain issues related to obesity, looking at both medicine and lifestyle changes that might help.
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Background: The mechanisms at the basis of depression are still matter of debate, but several studies in the literature suggest common pathways with dementia (genetic predispositions, metabolic and inflammatory mechanisms, neuropathological changes) and other geriatric syndromes.

Aims: To evaluate the role of cortisol (as marker of the HPA, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity) in elderly subjects with depressive symptoms (by the means of the AGICO, AGIng and COrtisol, study), in relationship to the presence of the major geriatric syndromes.

Methods: The AGICO study enrolled patients from ten Geriatric Units in Italy.

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Article Synopsis
  • Emerging evidence shows that environmental chemical exposures, particularly from micro- and nanoplastic (MNP) particles, may be significant contributors to cardiovascular diseases (CVD).
  • MNPs can cause harmful effects in the body, such as oxidative stress and inflammation, which are linked to cardiovascular issues and can lead to premature death, with these particles found in affected human cardiovascular tissues.
  • Future research should investigate how exposure to MNPs relates to CVD development, and strategies to reduce plastic use may improve both environmental and human health, potentially supported by the UN Global Plastics Treaty under negotiation.
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